TOP Evaluation Attendance Instructor Information ENG 330: Literature of the Bible, Melvin J. Hoffman, Spring 2008. 1:00 Bible Versions either Required for Course or Recommended for Comparison 1.10 Students must use one of 3 versions below. To compare, students are invited, not required, to use versions under 1.20, 1.40, or 1.30--as well as- but NOT INSTEAD OF 1 of the 3 versions below: Assignments and Questions are Keyed to these 3 Versions Only: The Revised Standard Version with Apocrypha* (RSV) The New Revised Standard Version with Apocrypha* (NSRV) The Revised English Bible with Apocrypha* (REB) 1.11 questions are based on & keyed to only these 3 versions, i.e. questions assume these 3 versions' verse numbers, person & place names, translation choices, etc. & the presence of all books discussed (Assignment I. is an exception as I provide an old public-domain version in the syllabus.) 1.12 If you answer incorrectly because you are not using an approved version, the error will be considered an error in following instructions and will still count against you. Put another way, statements such as " My version does not have that book.", "My version does not use that name.", or "My version has different verse numberings." will not be considered valid excuses. 1.20 The next 3 versions lack only 3 books of the Vulgate, 2 of which have course- assigned portions; otherwise, these fine versions would have been added to the 3 versions in section 1.10. The Jerusalem Bible (JB), The New American Bible (NAB), The New Jerusalem Bible (NJB). 1.30 These versions, which have editions both with and without the Apocrypha, are fine translations but are inconvenient for this course. The New English Bible (NEB) makes identification of individual verses difficult or impossible for reference purposes. The Good News Bible/Today's English Version (TEV) regularizes different names for people and objects to one; and--in many places--adds non-original interpretive words for clarity. (Note: all versions augment, but this version's rampant use makes it problematic for the course.) 1.40 These excellent versions are excluded only for lack of books. The 1st. two lack editions with an Apocrypha*; the last lacks both Apocrypha* & Greek Christian (New Testament) Scriptures. The New American Standard Version (ASV) The New International Version (NIV) The Tanakh (TNK), JPS 1984 [Hardcover Only] 1.50 Using Versions (below) is discouraged either/both as many words in them have altered/lost original English meanings and/or as their translators lacked recent archaeological & textual evidence. The King James Version (KJV) The Douay-Rheims Version of the Vulgate (D-R) The Holy Scriptures [1917] (THS) 1.60 Reference Sources: Examples are on the Syllabus' last 2 Pages. Students should know library, or other sites, for Biblical Atlases & Dictionaries, Commentaries, Concordances, Sources, & Theological Dictionaries. 2:00 Terms and Texts: 2.11 Terms for Scriptures Many scripture terms depend on denomination,e.g. "Old Testament," is "old" for Christians, but not Jews. Consequently, for objectivity, scripture terms used by the instructor in class & in syllabi combine the original intended audience's religion with the language in which they are written. ( Those with NRSV cf. pp. vi. vii.) 2.12 Hebrew and Aramaic Scriptures: The earliest literature is termed Jewish Hebrew and Aramaic Scriptures. They are canonical for the most familiar Jewish groups and for all Christians of whom I am aware. Some Jews use a Hebrew acronym, TaNaKh, for this literature. It forms the entire Old Testament for Protestants and Part of the Old Testament for Roman, Orthodox, and Oriental Catholic churches. 2.13 The Aramaic Portion: Aramaic/Chaldee/Syriac words & influences occur in some Psalms, Ezekiel, Esther, Job, Jonah, Songs & elsewhere, but certain examples are: 2 letters in Ezra, 4.8-6.18 & 7.12-26; one narrative in & about Daniel, 2.4b-7.28; 1 verse in Jeremiah, 10.11; & 2 words in Genesis, 31.47. 2.14 Jewish Greek Scriptures: Books--for Protestants, Apocryphal, & for Roman Catholics (3 books excepted) Deutero-Canonical --are called "Jewish Greek Scriptures" in this course. No Jewish group put them in the canon. They occur in 2 text families: Western & Eastern. The Latin Vulgate/Biblia Sacra has a Western book whose original Greek is lost: 2nd/4th Esdras. Eastern texts have the Western list minus 2nd/4th Esdras plus the Psalms of Solomon, the Odes, the 151st. Psalm and 3rd & 4th Maccabees. Protestants term them Apocryphal books, or term the whole Western Text: the Apocrypha. Roman Catholics put the Western books in a "2nd.” recognized canon, Duetero”-canonical, with 3 exceptions: 1st/3rd Esdras, 2nd/4th Esdras & the Prayer of Manasseh, appended in Latin, but not, vernacular versions. Greek Orthodoxy puts the Eastern Text in the canon except the Psalms of Solomon & the Odes, but appends 4th Maccabees. Russian Orthodoxy puts the Eastern Text in the canon except the Psalms of Solomon, the Odes & 4th Maccabees. 2.15 Christian Greek Scriptures: Not canonical for Jews, They are canonical for almost all Christians. An exception is the Syrian Orthodox Church which excludes 2nd and 3rd John, 2nd Peter, Jude and Revelations. 2.16 Textual Terms: Global terms like "Western" and "Eastern" texts simplify complex circumstances with mixes of and alternatives among, original sources'; various versions reflect- ing original-language sources, preserved in other ancient languages; and scho- larly standardized, annotated, & edited texts and/or reconstructions of original sources--topics, too narrow & specialized for this course's general scope. 2.17 Uses of Non-Canonical Scriptures: Besides mandatory or optional inclusion in appendices, various denominations have non-canonical scripture uses. For example, Anglicans use Apocryphal works in Lectionaries and in Liturgy. Likewise, the Orthodox use Odes in Liturgy. 3.00 Evaluation TOP 3.10 Methods: There are no tests or term papers but 13 multiple-choice tests of 22 questions, & a 14th. multiple-choice test of 44 questions as a final. Students may use class & reading notes & books during tests. Sharing notes or conversation is not allowed. (You get questions ahead of time in this syllabus; multiple-choice answer sheets only are handed out on the day of the test.) Lectures do not teach texts but provide background for "literary" interpretation of texts. 3.20 Final Grade Determination: The total raw score possible is 330 pts. (13 x 22 = 286)+(1 x 44 = 44). From the 13, not 14th. tests, the lowest 4 drop for an adjusted score: 242 points (9 x 22 = 198) +(1 x 44). The adjusted score x 3/7, fractions rounded off, gives a semi-final maxi- mum possible score: 104 from which each class-hour absence over 6 causes a 1 point deduction. (see below.) I decide student grades from final scores curved against all others in the course. Where no natural gaps occur, typical attendance & participation --of any student group sharing a point total--affect boundary decisions. 3.30 Attendance Policy: TOP Attendance starts after adjustment day. I deduct 1 point for each class-hour absence above 6. (See Table Below) EXCUSED & UNEXCUSED ABSENCES ARE NOT DISTINGUISHED. Though absences may not be your fault, innocence does not equal attendance. 6 class-hour absences are allowed to cover advisement, registration and work conflicts; court ap- pearances; family crises; field & team-away trips; funerals; illnesses; jury military duty; religious holidays, vehicular failure, weather delays etc. 6 class-hour ab- sences are more than 10% of the semester's meetings. After add day, I pass out an attendance sheet at the start (and sometimes, without prior notice, at the end) of class. Prenotified departures, may, or may not, result in deductions--depending upon time lost. Unannounced departures (leaving class early without telling me in advance) receive penalties listed in the description below. Number of Unpenalized Absences: 6 Points lost for each absence beyond the above: 1 Unannounced Departure Penalty: 2/3 (Final Scores with Fractions will be Rounded off.) 3.40 Test Limitations: No late or make-up test may be taken after discussing test answers in class. Therefore, if students know that they will be absent in advance, they should arrange to take the test earlier. 3.50 Student Awareness of Progress: Students may ask to see their scores. This may occur--if time permits--just before or after class, or during my regularly scheduled office hour. I will recite them softly, write them, or cover all scores but the inquirer's. Student privacy laws prevent students seeing scores besides their own. 3.60 Instructor Information TOP Dpt. Xtt.: 5416/7; Dpt. Fax: 878-5700. E-mail Webpage ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.00 Schedule of Assignments for Spring 2008 CALENDAR: ALL EXAMS ARE ON MONDAYS EXCEPT THE WEDNESDAY AFTER PRESIDENTS' DAY FEB. 20, AND THE FINAL, DUE ON WHATEVER DAY THE CEP IS HELD. JAN. W 23 F 25 M 28 1 W 30 FEB. F 1 M 4 2 W 6 F 8 M 11 3 W 13 F 15 W 20 4 F 22 M 25 5 W 27 F 29 MARCH M 3 6 W 5 F 7 M 10 7 W 12 F 14 M 17 8 W 19 F 21 M 31 9 APRIL W 2 F 4 M 7 10 W 9 F 11 M 14 11 W 16 F 18 M 21 12 F 23 M 28 13 W 30 CEP 14 & 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.00 Identification of Biblical Genres and Topics Studied and Tested. GENRES: 1. Infancy Narratives 2. Wisdom Literature 3. Heroic Literature 4. Literature of Theophany 5. Miracle/Sign Literature ROLES: 6. Judges 7. Kings 8. Priests 9. Prophets OTHER GENRES: 10. Prophetic, Apocalyptic & Eschatological Literature PLACES: 11. Shrines/Temples MORE GENRES: 12. Code and Covenant Literature, 13. Lyric Literature PRACTICES: 14. 1st. Fruits, Human Sacrifice, Holy War 6.00 Miscellaneous Notes: 6.10 Numbering of Chapters and Verses: Letter abbreviations refer to books Numbers before periods refer either to book chapters or to specific numbers in serially numbered collections like the Psalms or Proverbs. Numbers after a period refer to the verse(s). Small-case letters following verse numbers refer to analytical subdivisions of verses made by your instructor or others which will not be found in any of your versions. 6.20 Explanation of the "Most Correct Answer": "Most correct" means the answer best characterizing the common theme, concern, person, role, institution etc. among a set of verses, not what is most frequent among a question's verses. 6.30 Course Objectives: Students will learn about the Bible from the standpoint of a literary anthology. Students will learn basic historical, literary, cultural, linguistic and other contexts as background for Biblical study. Students will learn how varied the literatures that make up the Bible are in terms of genres, styles, themes and authors. 6.40 Behavior: Behavior conveying disrespect or rudeness toward anyone based on age, race, religion, color, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, disability, or marital, veteran or socioeconomic status as well as other behavior-in the instructor's opinion-disruptive to the educational process may result in the instructor's having such a student removed from the classroom and in charges brought against such a student pursuant to Buffalo State College's Procedure Regarding Disruptive Individuals. 6.50 Consideration of Disability If you have or suspect that you have a disability that requires any kind of accommodation to fulfill this course's requirements, please contact the Of- fice of Special Services for Students with Disa- bilities at 878-4500. 7.00 The Assignments: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7.01 Assignment One: INFANCY NARRATIVE LITERATURE: Questions 1-22 have one question with 22 different answers: "The same row's verses all share what common factor?" To simplify your work, I have excerpted from the 1901 American Standard Version (an old public-domain version) so you don't have to look up verses. At first, this chart's format looks difficult, but eases with practice. Excerpts largely cite the original; minor editing corrects or shortens text, or treats a religious sensibility (e.g. replacing vocalized Tetragrammatons with "the Lord.") The 2nd.-19th. assignments have no excerpts provided; you are on your own then. Experts differ on Infancy-Narrative definition and schema. The next page's schema is a, not the, system. Comparative-religion experts may go beyond "Biblical" and compare with other scriptures' early lives of Manu, Zoroaster /Zarathustra, Gotuma Buddha/Siddartha etc. (Even within Biblical infancy- narrative study, people differ on legitimacy of using narratives from the Jewish Midrash, the Pseudepigrapha, or Christian [New Testament] Apocrypha etc.) SECTION 1 ISHMAEL Genesis 16.1 & 3b-4a. ISAAC Genesis 11.27b, 29b & 30. SAMSON Judges 13.2. SAMUEL 1 Samuel 1.1a & 2a & c. JOHN Luke 1.5b & 7. JESUS Luke 1.27. JESUS Matthew No Entry. SECTION 2 ISHMAEL Genesis 16.7a. ISAAC Genesis 15. 1a, 17.1a & 18.1a. SAMSON Judges 13.3a. SAMUEL 1 Samuel 1.10 & 13a. JOHN Luke 1.11a. JESUS Luke 1.26a. JESUS Matthew 1.20b. SECTION 3 ISHMAEL Genesis 16.13. ISAAC Genesis 18.2b. SAMSON Judges 13. 20 & 22b. SAMUEL 1 Samuel 1.19. JOHN Luke 1.12. JESUS Luke 1.29a. JESUS Matthew No entry. Question Number 4 ISHMAEL Genesis 16.8a. ISAAC Genesis 15.1c & 17.5a. SAMSON Judges No Entry. SAMUEL 1 Samuel No Entry. JOHN Luke 1.13c. JESUS Luke 1.30c. JESUS Matthew No Entry. Question Number 5 ISHMAEL Genesis 16.8b. ISAAC Genesis 17. 5b & 17.15b. SAMSON Judges No Entry. SAMUEL 1 Samuel No Entry. JOHN Luke (John) No Entry. JESUS Luke 1.28. JESUS Matthew No Entry. Question Number 6 ISHMAEL Genesis No Entry. ISAAC Genesis 15.1. SAMSON Judges 13.23b. SAMUEL 1 Samuel No Entry. JOHN Luke 1.13b. JESUS Luke 1.30b. JESUS Matthew 1.20e. Question Number 7 ISHMAEL Genesis 16.11b. ISAAC Genesis 17.16a, c. SAMSON Judges 13.3b & 5b. SAMUEL 1 Samuel 1.11a. JOHN Luke 1.13d. JESUS Luke 1.31a. JESUS Matthew 1.20f. Question Number 8 ISHMAEL Genesis 16.11c. ISAAC Genesis 15.4a, 17.16b, 17.19b, 18.10 & 18.14b. SAMSON Judges 13.3c & 5a. SAMUEL 1 Samuel 1.11b. JOHN Luke 1.13b. JESUS Luke 1.31b. JESUS Matthew 1.21a. Question Number 9 ISHMAEL Genesis 16.11d. ISAAC Genesis 17.19c. SAMSON Judges No Entry. SAMUEL 1 Samuel No Entry. JOHN Luke 1.13f. JESUS Luke 1.31c. JESUS Matthew 1.21b. Question Number 10 ISHMAEL Genesis 16.11e. ISAAC Genesis 17.17b; 18.12a, 13 & 15. SAMSON Judges No Entry. SAMUEL 1 Samuel 1.20c. JOHN Luke No Entry. JESUS Luke No Entry. JESUS Matthew 1.21c. Question Number 11 ISHMAEL Genesis 16.9. ISAAC Genesis No Entry. SAMSON Judges 13.4a 5b & 7b. SAMUEL 1 Samuel 1.11c. JOHN Luke 1.15b. JESUS Luke No Entry. JESUS Matthew No Entry Question Number 12 ISHMAEL Genesis 17.20a. ISAAC Genesis 17. 19c & 21. SAMSON Judges 13.5c. SAMUEL 1 Samuel 2.35. JOHN Luke 1.15a & c, 16 and 17. JESUS Luke 1.32 & 33. JESUS Matthew 1.21c. Question Number 13 ISHMAEL Genesis No Entry. ISAAC Genesis 17.17b & 18.12b. SAMSON Judges 13.8b 17b. SAMUEL 1 Samuel No Entry. JOHN Luke 1.18b. JESUS Luke 1.34b. JESUS Matthew No Entry. Question Number 14 ISHMAEL Genesis No Entry. ISAAC Genesis 18.14. SAMSON Judges 13.20a. SAMUEL 1 Samuel No Entry. JOHN Matthew No Entry. JESUS Luke 1.20 & 64. JESUS Luke 1.36-7. Question Number 15 ISHMAEL Genesis 16.15a. ISAAC Genesis 21.2a. SAMSON Judges 13.24a. SAMUEL 1 Samuel 1.20a. JOHN Luke 1.57. JESUS Luke 2.7. JESUS Matthew 1.25a. Question Number 16 ISHMAEL Genesis 16.15b. ISAAC Genesis 21.3. SAMSON Judges 13.24b. SAMUEL 1 Samuel 1.20b. JOHN Luke 1.60b & 63b. JESUS Luke 2.21. JESUS Matthew 1.25b. Question Number 17: ISHMAEL Genesis 17.9-13 & 23-27 ISAAC Genesis 22.2 & 13b SAMSON Judges 13.19a SAMUEL 1 Samuel 1.24-25 JOHN Luke 1.9b JESUS Luke 2.24 JESUS Matthew No Entry Question Number 18 ISHMAEL Genesis No Entry. ISAAC Genesis No Entry. SAMSON Judges No Entry. SAMUEL 1 Samuel 2.1a-10. JOHN Luke 1.68-75. JESUS Luke 1.46-55. JESUS Matthew No Entry. Question Number 19 ISHMAEL Genesis 16.12. ISAAC Genesis No Entry. SAMSON Judges No Entry. SAMUEL 1 Samuel No Entry. JOHN Luke 1.76-79. JESUS Luke 2.29-32 & 34b-35. JESUS Matthew No Entry. Question Number 20 ISHMAEL Genesis 21.20a. ISAAC Genesis 21.8. SAMSON Judges 13.24c. SAMUEL 1 Samuel 2.21b & 3.19. JOHN Luke 1.80a. JESUS Luke 2.40a. JESUS Matthew No Entry. Question Number 21 ISHMAEL Genesis No Entry. ISAAC Genesis No Entry. SAMSON Judges No Entry. SAMUEL 1 Samuel 2.26. JOHN Luke No Entry JESUS Luke 2.40b & 2.52. JESUS Matthew No Entry. Question Number 22 ISHMAEL Genesis No Entry. ISAAC Genesis No Entry. SAMSON Judges 13.25c. SAMUEL 1 Samuel No Entry. JOHN Luke No Entry. JESUS Luke 1.80b. JESUS Matthew No Entry. ----------------- Question Number 1 ----------------- Genesis 16.1 & 3b-4a. Now Sarai, Abram's wife, bare him no children: and she had an handmaid, an Egyptian whose name was Hagar ... And Sarai, Abram's wife, took Hagar the Egyptian, her handmaid, and gave her to Abraham her husband as a wife. And he went in unto Hagar and she conceived ... Genesis 11.27b, 29b & 30 Terah begat Abram ... Abram's wife was Sarai ... And Sarai was barren; she had no child. Judges 13.2. And there was a certain man of Zorah, of the family of the Danites, whose name was Manoah; and his wife was barren, and bare not 1 Samuel 1.1a & 2a & c There was a certain man of Ramathaim-zophim of the hill country of Ephraim, and his name was Elkanah ... he had two wives; the name of the one was Hannah ... but Hannah had no children. Luke 1.5b & 7 There was ... a certain priest named Zecharias, of the course of Abijah: and he had a wife of the daughters of Aaron, and her name was Elizabeth ... they had no child, because that Elizabeth was barren, and they both were now well stricken in years. Luke 1.27 ... to a virgin betrothed to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David; and the virgin's name was Mary Matthew No Entry ----------------- Question Number 2 ----------------- Genesis 16.7a: ... the angel of the Lord found her by a fountain of water in the wilderness. Genesis 15. 1a, 17.1a & 18.1a After these things the word of the Lord came unto Abram in a vision ... When Abram was ninety years old and nine, the Lord appeared to Abram ... And the Lord appeared unto him. Judges 13.3a: And the Angel of the Lord appeared unto the woman and said unto her ... 1 Samuel 1.10 & 13a ... she was in bitterness of and prayed unto the Lord ... Now Hannah, she spake in her heart; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard: Luke 1.11a: And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord. Luke 1.26a: ... in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God ... Matthew 1.20b: ... an angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a dream ... ----------------- Question Number 3 ----------------- Genesis 16.13 And she called the name of the Lord that spake unto her, Thou art a God that seeth: for she said, have I even here looked after him that seeth me (and remained alive)? Genesis 18.2b: ... he ... bowed himself to the earth, ... Judges 13. 20 & 22b ...; and they fell on their faces to the ground ... We shall surely die, because we have seen God. 1 Samuel 1.19: ... they rose up in the morning early, and worshipped (bowed) before the Lord ... Luke 1.12: And Zecharias was troubled when he saw him, (the angel) and fear fell upon him. Luke 1.29a: But she was greatly troubled at the saying ... Matthew No entry ----------------- Question Number 4 ----------------- Genesis 16.8ª: ... Hagar ... Genesis 15.1c & 17.5ª: ... Abram ... Abram ... Judges No Entry 1 Samuel No Entry Luke 1.13c: ... Zecharias ... Luke 1.30c: ... Mary ... Matthew No Entry ----------------- Question Number 5 ----------------- Genesis 16.8b: ... Sarai's handmaid ... Genesis 17. 5b & 17.15b ... thy name shall be Abraham; ... As for Sarai thy wife, though shalt not call her name Sarai, but Sarah shall her name be. Judges No Entry 1 Samuel No Entry Luke (John) No Entry Luke 1.28: ... thou that art highly favored ... Matthew No Entry ----------------- Question Number 6 ----------------- Genesis (Ishmael) No Entry Genesis (Isaac) 15.1: ... Fear not, Abram ... Judges 13.23b ... If the LORD were pleased to kill us, he would not have received a burnt- offering and a meal-offering at our hand, neither would he have showed us all these things, nor would at this time have told such things as these. 1 Samuel No Entry Luke 1.13b: ... Fear not Zecharias: ... Luke 1.30b: ... Fear not Mary: ... Matthew 1.20e: ... Fear not ... ----------------- Question Number 7 ----------------- Genesis 16.11b: ... thou art with child, ... Genesis 17.16a, c: I will bless her ... I will bless her ... Judges 13.3b & 5b: ... thou shalt conceive ... thou shalt conceive ... 1 Samuel 1.11a If thou wilt indeed look on the affliction of thy hand- maid and remember me and not forget thy handmaid ... Luke 1.13d: ... thy supplication is heard ... Luke 1.31a: ... thou shalt conceive in thy womb ... Matthew 1.20f: ... for that which is conceived in her is borne of the Holy Spirit. ----------------- Question Number 8 ----------------- Genesis 16.11c: ... shalt bear a son ... Genesis 15.4a, 17.16b, 17.19b, 18.10 & 18.14b ... he that shall come forth out of thine own bowels shall be thy heir ... I will give thee a son of her ... Sarah thy wife shall bear thee a son ... and Sarah thy wife shall have a son ... and Sarah shall have a son ... Judges 13.3c & 5a: ... and bear a son ... and bear a son ... 1 Samuel 1.11b: *... wilt give unto thy handmaid a man-child ... [*Note: Hannah is petitioning in prayer; no one is addressing her.] Luke 1.13b: ... thy wife Elizabeth shall bear thee a son ... Luke 1.31b: ... and bring forth a son ... Matthew 1.21a: ... she shall bring forth a son ... ----------------- Question Number 9 ----------------- Genesis 16.11d: ... thou shalt call his name Ishmael ... Genesis 17.19c: ... thou shalt call his name Isaac ... Judges No Entry 1 Samuel No Entry Luke 1.13f: ... thou shalt call his name John Luke 1.31c: ... and shalt call his name Jesus ... Matthew 1.21b: ... thou shalt call his name Jesus ... ------------------ Question Number 10 ------------------ Genesis 16.11e: because the Lord hath heard thy affliction "God hears." Ishmael jish maa' "eel יִשְׁמָעאֵל -- - - "heard" shaam a' שָּׁמַע -- - - Genesis 17.17b; 18.12a, 13 & 15 ... and laughed ... And Sarah laughed ... Wherefore did Sarah laugh, ... I laughed not ... thou didst laugh. "He laughed" Isaac jiz- h-aaq יִצְחָק -- -- - "laughed" z-aah- aq צָּחַק -- -- - Judges No Entry 1 Samuel 1.20c: "I have asked him of the Lord." The root "ask" fits "Saul" perfectly but is given as an explanation for the name "Samuel" which does not fit well. "He asked (of God)" Saul sh a a " u- l שָּׁאוּל -- - - "asked" sh a a " a l שָּׁאַל -- - - "His Name is/ Name of God" Samuel sh mu- " ee l שְּׁמוּאֵל -- - - Luke (John) No Entry Luke (Jesus) No Entry Matthew 1.21c: ... for it is he that shall save his people from their sins. "The Lord is Salvation." Joshua j:ho- shua ' יְהוֹשֻׁע -- -- - "saved, set free, delivered." jaash a ' יָשַׁע - -- - [Alt. Hebrew & Aramaic] Jesus jee shu-a' יֵשׁוּעַ -- -- - "salvation" j: shu- 'a- יְשׁוּעָה - -- - The final "h" of (The LORD--jhvh) as well as the first "j" of (salvation--j:shu-'a-) are lost in combining the two. ------------------ Question Number 11 ------------------ Genesis 16.9: Return to your mistress, and submit thyself under her hands. Genesis No Entry Judges 13.4a 5b & 7b ... drink no wine nor strong drink, and eat not any unclean thing ... no razor hall come upon his head, for the child shall be a Nazirite unto God from the womb; ... drink no wine nor strong drink, and eat not any unclean thing, for the child be a Nazirite unto God from the womb to the day of his death. 1 Samuel 1.11c ... I will give him unto the Lord all the days of his life, and there shall no razor come upon his head. Luke 1.15b (John): ... he shall drink no wine nor strong drink; ... Luke (Jesus) No Entry Matthew No Entry ------------------ Question Number 12 ------------------ Genesis 17.20a ... I have blessed him, and will make him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly; twelve princes shall he beget, and I will make him a great nation. Genesis 17. 19c & 21 ... I will establish my covenant for him as an everlasting covenant for his seed after him ... my covenant will I establish with Isaac ... Judges 13.5c: ... he shall begin to save Israel out of the hand of the Philistines. 1 Samuel 2.35 ... And I will raise me up a faithful priest, that shall do according to that which is in my heart and in my mind: and I will build him a sure house, and he shall walk before mine anointed for ever ... Luke 1.15a & c, 16 and 17 ... And he will be filled with the Holy Spirit, even from his mother's womb. And he will turn many of the sons of Israel to the Lord their God, and he will go before him in the spirit and power of Elijah, to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the disobedient to the wisdom of the just, to make ready for the Lord a people prepared. Luke 1.32 & 33 He shall be great, and shall be called the son of the Most High; and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father David: and he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end. Matthew 1.21c: ... for it is he that shall save his people from their sins ... ------------------ Question Number 13 ------------------ Genesis (Ishmael) No Entry Genesis 17.17b & 18.12b ... Shall a child be born unto him that is a hundred years old? and shall Sarah, that is ninety years old, bear? ... After I am waxed old shall I have pleasure, my lord being old also? Judges 13.8b 17b ... let the man of God whom thou didst send come again unto us, and teach us what we shall do unto the child that shall be born. ... What is thy name, that, when thy words come to pass, we may do thee honor? 1 Samuel No Entry Luke 1.18b: ... Whereby shall I know this? For I am an old man, and my wife well stricken in years. Luke 1.34b: How shall this be, seeing I know not a man? Matthew No Entry ------------------ Question Number 14 ------------------ Genesis (Ishmael) No Entry Genesis 18.14ª: :... Is anything too hard for the Lord? Judges 13.20a For it came to pass when the flame went up toward heaven from off the altar, that angel of the Lord ascended in the flame of the altar: ... 1 Samuel No Entry Matthew No Entry Luke 1.20 & 64 And behold, thou shalt be silent and not able to speak until the day that these things shall come to pass, because thou believedst not my words ... And his mouth was opened immediately and his tongue loosed, and he spake, blessing God. Luke 1.36-7 And behold, Elisabeth thy kinswoman, she also hath conceived a son in her old age and this is the sixth month with her that was called barren. ------------------ Question Number 15 ------------------ Genesis 16.15a (Ishmael): And Hagar bare Abram a son ... Genesis 21.2a (Isaac): And Sarah conceived and bare Abram a son ... Judges 13.24a (Samson): And the woman bare a son ... 1 Samuel 1.20a (Samuel) And it came to pass, when the time was come about, that Hannah conceived and bare a son; ... Luke 1.57 (John) Now Elisabeth's time was fulfilled that she could be delivered; and she brought forth a son. Luke 2.7 (Jesus) And she brought forth her first-born son; and she wrapped him in swaddling clothes, and laid him in a manger, because there was no room for them in the inn. Matthew 1.25a (Jesus): ... and knew her not till she had brought forth a son: ... ------------------ Question Number 16 ------------------ Genesis 16.15b (Ishmael): ... and Abram called the name of his son, whom Hagar bare, Ishmael ... Genesis 21.3 (Isaac) And Abraham called the name of his son that was born unto him, whom Sarah bare to him, Isaac. Judges 13.24b (Samson): ... and called his name Samson: ... 1 Samuel 1.20b (Samuel): and she called his name Samuel, ... Luke 1.60b & 63b (John): ... he shall be called John ... His name is John. Luke 2.21 (Jesus) ... his name was called Jesus, which was so called by the angel before he was conceived in the womb. Matthew 1.25b (Jesus): ... and he called his name Jesus. ------------------- Question Number 17: ------------------- Genesis 17.9-13 & 23-27 (Ishmael) And God said unto Abraham, And as for thee, thou shalt keep my covenant, thou and thy seed after thee throughout their generations. This is my covenant, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee: every male among you shall be circumcised. And ye shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a token of a covenant betwixt me and you. And he that is eight days old shall be circumcised among you, every male throughout your generations, he that is born in the house, or bought with any money of a foreigner that is not of thy seed, He that is born in thy house, and he that is bought with thy money, must needs be circumcised: and my covenant shall be in your flesh for an everlasting covenant. ... And Abraham took Ishmael his son and all that were born in his house, and all that were bought with his money, every male among the men of Abraham's house, and circumcised the flesh of their foreskin in the selfsame day, as God had said unto him. And Abraham was ninety years old and nine, when he was circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin. In the selfsame day was Abraham circumcised, and Ishmael his son. And all the men of his house, those born in the house, and those bought with money of a foreigner, were circumcised with him. Genesis 22.2 & 13b (Isaac) And he said, Take now thy son, thine only son, whom thou lovest, even Isaac, and get thee into the land of Moriah; and offer him there for a burnt-offering upon one of the mountains which I will tell thee of. ... and Abraham went and took the ram, and offered him up for a burnt-offering in the stead of his son. Judges 13.19a (Samson) So Manoah took the kid with the meal offering and offered it upon the rock unto the Lord, ... 1 Samuel 1.24-25 (Samuel) ... she took him up with her, with three bullocks, and one ephah of meal, and a bottle of wine, and brought him unto the house of the Lord in Shiloh: and the child was young. And they slew the bullock, ... Luke 1.9b (John): ... his lot was to enter into the temple of the Lord and burn incense. Luke 2.24 (Jesus) And to offer a sacrifice according to that which is said in the law of the Lord, a pair of turtle doves, or two young pigeons. Matthew (Jesus) No Entry ------------------ Question Number 18 ------------------ Genesis (Ishmael & Isaac) No Entries Judges (Samson) No Entry 1 Samuel 2.1a-10 (Samuel) My heart exulteth in the Lord; My horn is exalted in the Lord; My mouth is enlarged over mine enemies; Because I rejoice in thy salvation. There is none holy as the Lord; For there is none besides thee, Neither is there any rock like our God. Talk no more so exceeding proudly; Let not arrogancy come out of your mouth; For the Lord is a God of knowledge, And by him actions are weighed. The bows of the mighty men are broken; And they that stumbled are girded with strength. They that were full have hired out themselves for bread; And they that were hungry have ceased to hunger: Yea, the barren hath borne seven; And she that hath many children languisheth. The Lord killeth, and maketh alive: He bringeth down to Sheol, and bringeth up. The Lord maketh poor, and maketh rich: He bringeth low, he also lifteth up. He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, He lifteth up the needy from the dunghill, To make them sit with princes, And inherit the throne of glory: For the pillars of the earth are the Lord's, And he hath set the world upon them. He will keep the feet of his holy ones; But the wicked shall be put to silence in darkness; For by strength shall no man prevail. They that strive with the Lord shall be broken to pieces; against them will he thunder in heaven: the Lord will judge the ends of the earth; And he will give strength unto his king, And exalt the horn of his anointed. Luke 1.68-75 (John) Blessed be the Lord, the God of Israel; For he hath visited and wrought redemption for his people, And hath raised up a horn of salvation for us In the house of his servant David (As he spake by the mouth of his holy prophets that have been from of old), Salvation from our enemies, and from the hand of all that hate us; To show mercy towards, our fathers, And to remember his holy covenant; The oath which he spake unto Abraham our father, To grant unto us that we being delivered out of the hand of our enemies Should serve him without fear, In holiness and righteousness before him all our days. Luke 1.46-55 (Jesus) And Mary said, My soul doth magnify the Lord, And my spirit hath rejoiced in God my Savior. For he hath looked upon the low estate of his handmaid: For behold, from henceforth all generations shall call me blessed. For he that is mighty hath done to me great things; And holy is his name. And his mercy is unto generations and generations On them that fear him. He hath showed strength with his arm; He hath scattered the proud in the imagination of their heart. He hath put down princes from their thrones, And hath exalted them of low degree. The hungry he hath filled with good things; And the rich he hath sent empty away. He hath given help to Israel his servant, That he might remember mercy (As he spake unto our fathers) Toward Abraham and his seed for ever. Matthew (Jesus) No Entry ------------------ Question Number 19 ------------------ Genesis 16.12 (Ishmael) And he shall be as a wild ass among men, his hand shall be against every man, and every man's hand against him; and he shall dwell over against all his brethern. Genesis (Isaac) No Entry Judges (Samson) No Entry 1 Samuel (Samuel) No Entry Luke 1.76-79 (John) Yea and thou, child, shalt be called the prophet of the Most High: For thou shalt go before the face of the Lord to make ready his ways; To give knowledge of salvation unto his people In the remission of their sins, Because of the tender mercy of our God, Whereby the dayspring from on high shall visit us, To shine upon them that sit in darkness and the shadow of death; To guide our feet into the way of peace. Luke 2.29-32 & 34b-35 (Jesus) Now lettest thou thy servant depart, Lord, According to thy word, in peace; For mine eyes have seen thy salvation, Which thou hast prepared before the face of all peoples; A light for revelation to the Gentiles, And the glory of thy people Israel. ... Behold, this child is set for the falling and the rising of many in Israel; and for a sign which is spoken against; yea and a sword shall pierce through thine own soul; that thoughts out of many hearts may be revealed. Matthew (Jesus) No Entry ------------------ Question Number 20 ------------------ Genesis 21.20a (Ishmael): And God was with the lad, and he grew; ... Genesis 21.8 (Isaac): "And the child grew, and was weaned ... Judges 13.24c (Samson): ... and the child grew, and the Lord blessed him. 1 Samuel 2.21b & 3.19 (Samuel) ... And the child Samuel grew before the Lord ... And Samuel grew, and the Lord was with him ... Luke 1.80a (John): And the child grew ... Luke 2.40a (Jesus): And the child grew and waxed strong, filled with wisdom: ... Matthew (Jesus) No Entry ------------------ Question Number 21 ------------------ Genesis (Ishmael & Isaac) No Entries Judges (Samson) No Entry 1 Samuel 2.26 (Samuel) And the child Samuel grew on, and increased in favor both with the Lord and also with men. Luke (John) No Entry Luke 2.40b & 2.52 (Jesus) ... and the grace of God was upon him ... And Jesus advanced in wisdom and stature, and in favor with God and men. Matthew (Jesus) No Entry ------------------ Question Number 22 ------------------ Genesis (Ishmael & Isaac) No Entries Judges 13.25c (Samson): "And the Spirit of the Lord began to move him ... 1 Samuel (Samuel) No Entry Luke (John) No Entry Luke 1.80b (Jesus): ... and waxed in Spirit ... Matthew (Jesus) No Entry ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7.02 Assignment Two: WISDOM LITERATURE Although WISDOM material occurs in many other books as portions and themes, the following 7 psalms and 6 WHOLE books are classed as well-defined WISDOM LITERATURE. Jewish Hebrew/Aramaic: Pss. 1, 37, 49, 73, 112, 128 & 133; Proverbs; Ecclesiastes; Job. Jewish Greek: Wisdom of Jesus son of Sirach/Ecclesiasticus; Wisdom of Solomon Christian Greek: Epistle of James. The following abbreviations are used for these books. Psalm(s)--Ps(s).; Proverbs--Prov.; Ecclesiastes--Ecc.; Wisdom of Jesus son of Sirach / Ecclesiasticus--Sir./Eccus.; Wisdom of Solomon--Wis. 1. What is the common concern of Pss. 1, 112 and 128? 2. What major difference in sentiments exists between Pss. 37 and Pss. 49 and 73? 3 What is a common modern term for a saying like that found in the list below? Job 28.28; Ps. 111.10; Prov. 1.7, 9.10, & 15.33; Wis. 6.17; Sir./Eccus 1.14, 19.20 & 21.11 4. What do all the m:shaali-m= have in common in 8-group list below? Ezek. 17.2, 20.49/21.5, 24.3-Allegory Prov. 1.1 & 6--General Reference Deut. 28.37, 1Kgs. 9.7, 2Chron. 7.20, Job. 17.6, Pss. 44.14/15 & 69.11/12, Numb. 21.27--Didactic Poem Jer. 24.9, and Ezek. 14.8--By Word 1Kgs. 4.32/5.12, Prov. 10.1, 25.1 and 26.7 & 9, Ecc. 12.9 --Polished Aphorisms 1Sam. 10.12, 24.13/14, Job 13.12, Ezek.12.22 & 23, 16.44 & 18. 2 & 3--Proverbial Saying Numb. 23.7, 18 & 24.3, 15, 20, 21, 23; Job 27.1, 29.1; Pss. 49.4/5 & 78.2--Discourse Isa. 14.4, Mic. 2.4, Hab. 2.6--Taunt (All above verses contain what the Jewish H/A scriptures have identified as m:shaali-m=, translated into English, usually as "parables" or "proverbs." Slashes mark different verse numberings for the same material which may occur between versions or editions of the same version. The abbreviations separated by slashes indicate that the book has two names; either or both may occur in your edition of your version.) HEBREW SPELLING OF m:shaali-m=" מְּשָׁלִים (Questions 5 - 11 are the same: What do the associated verses have in common? Verses under questions 5 & 6 each share a format, whereas verses under questions 7 - 11 each share content.) 5. Prov. 1.1-1.21, 2.1-8.3, 9.1-9.12, 10.1-24.22, 24.27-24.34, 30.5-30.10 & 30.32-31.9.Ecc. 5.1-12, 7.9-10, 7.16-18, 7.21-22, 8.2-5, 9.7-10, 10.20-11.2, 11.5-6, 11.9-12.6. Sir. / Eccus. 2.1-4.10, 4.20-9.18, 10.26-13.13, 14.11-19, 16.1-3, Tobit 4.3-21.16.17-23, 18.15-33, 21.1-10, 22.13-15, 22.19-26. 6. Prov. 24.23-26, 25.1-26.3, 30.11-31, 31.10-31.;Wis. 1-10 all; Ecc. 3.1-8, 7.1-26, 8.1-8, 9.13-10.15, 11.3-4, & 7-8. Sir. / Eccus. 10.1-25, 13.15-14.10, 16.4-16, 16. 24-18.14, 19.1-20.31, 21.11-22.12, 16 & 18. 7. Job 3.1-20, Prov. 30.1-20. Ecc. 1.1-2.11, 2.17-26, 3.19-25, 4.4-15, 5.13-6.7, 9 & 12, 6.9-12, 7.23-8.1 ,9 & 11, 8.14-9.1 & 12.8. 8. Job 28 all; Ecc. 2.12-14a, 7.12, 19 & 8.1b; Wis. 6 all; Sir. / Eccus. 1 all, 4.11-15.20. 9. Ecc. 2.14b-16, 3.18-22, 6.8, 7.13-15, 9.2-3, 5-6, & 11-12. 10. Ecc. 3.16-17 and 4.1-3. 11. Ecc. 8.12-13 & 9.1-4. 12. Characterize the sentiments of the accompanying verses. Job 3.1-26, 7.7-11 & 17-21, 9.14-24 & 28-35, 10.18-19, 13.13-19, 13 all, 16.18, 21.7-34, 24.2-12 (cf. Tobit 3.1-6). 13. Characterize the sentiments of the accompanying verses. Job 4.6-8, 8.1-7, 11.3-6 & 13-14, 15.12-16 and 34-35, 18.5-21, 20.5-11, 22.1-30 & 36.5-15. 14. Find a definition of "Personification" in a collegiate or better dictionary. 15. Identify the persona from the accompanying verses. Prov. 1.22-33, 8.4-36, 9.4-18, and Sir./Eccus. 24.3-22. 16. What purpose does the persona serve in the verses accompanying question 15? (The Hebrew word h-okhaam= usually translates as "wise." Sometimes, other translations occur. Questions 17-22 explore alternatives and words similar to "wise") HEBREW SPELLING OF h-okhaam= חָכָם 17. In 2Sam. 13.3, what word in your version occurs instead of "wise." 18. In Deu. 4.6 (2nd wise-like word), what word in your version pairs with and follows "wise?" 19. The pair of wise-like words function how? 20. In Exod. 28.3, 31.6, 35.10 & 25, 36.1, 2 & 8; 1Chron. 22.15; 2Chron. 2.7/6, 12/11, & 14/13; Isa. 3.3 &-40.20, and Jer. 9.17/16-- what word(s) in your version occur instead of "wise" in some or all of the verses? 21. Exod. 7.11 & 36.4, Deu. 1.13 & 15, 4.6 & 16.19, 2Chron. 2.12/11, Isa. 5.21, 19.11 & 12, 29.14, 31.2, & 44.25, Jer. 4.22, 8.8 & 9, 9.12/11, & 23/22, 10.7 & 9, 18.8, 50.35 and 51.57 use a word which offer no surprise. What is it? 22. Obviously, the word h-okhaam= is somewhat broader in range than the English word "wise" What colloquial English words might come closer than "wise?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7.03 Assignment Three:: HEROIC LITERATURE Questions one to eleven are one question with eleven different answers: "What do all the verses in the section beneath share?" Book, chapter, and verse are followed by the name of the protagonist in parentheses. Question Number 1 Genesis 37.1-2b (Joseph); 1 Samuel 17.12-16 (David); Esther 2.5-6 (Esther); Daniel 1.1-3 (Daniel); 3 Young Men, No Entry (Daniel); Daniel 6.12 (Daniel); Judith 8.1-6 (Judith); Susannah 1-2a & 3-4 (Susannah); Bel & Dragon 1-2(Daniel); John 1.1-2 (Jesus). Question Number 2 Genesis 39.2a-6a (Joseph); 1 Samuel, No Entry (David); Esther, No Entry (Esther); Daniel 1.4b (Daniel); 3 Young Men, No Entry (Daniel); Daniel 6.3 (Daniel); Judith 8.29 (Judith); Susannah, No Entry (Susannah); Bel & the Dragon, No Entry (Daniel); John 1.3-4 (Jesus). Question Number 3 Genesis 39.6b (Joseph); 1 Samuel, No Entry (David); Esther 2.7 (Esther); Daniel 1.4a (Daniel); 3 Young Men, No Entry (Daniel); Daniel, No Entry(Daniel); Judith 8.7 (Judith); Susannah 2b (Susannah); Bel & the Dragon, No Entry(Daniel); John, No Entry (Jesus). Question Number 4 Genesis 39.1, 40.1-23 & 41.1-13 (Joseph); 1 Samuel 17.17-22 (David); Esther 2.8 (Esther); Daniel 1.5-21 (Daniel); 3 Young Men 3.1-7 (Daniel); Daniel, No Entry (Daniel); Judith Chapters 1-3 (Judith); Susannah, No Entry (Susannah); Bel & the Dragon 3-27 (Daniel), John 1.5-9 (Jesus). Question Number 5 Genesis 37.2a-36a, 39.7-20(Joseph); 1 Samuel 17.26-45 (David); Esther 2.10, 19 & 4.8 (Esther); Daniel 2.13-24 (Daniel); 3 Young Men 3.9-15 & 19-24 (Daniel); Daniel 6.4-9 & 11-20 (Daniel); Judith 10.9-12.20 (Judith); Susannah, No Entry (Susannah); Bel & the Dragon 28-32 (Daniel); John 1.10-11 (Jesus). Question Number 6 Genesis, No Entry (Joseph); 1 Samuel 17.1-11 (David); Esther 3.8-4.8 (Esther); Daniel 2.1-12 (Daniel); 3 Young Men 3.8 (Daniel); Daniel, No Entry (Daniel); Judith Chapters 4 & 7 (Judith); Susannah, No Entry (Susannah); Bel & the Dragon, No Entry (Daniel); John, No Entry (Jesus). Question Number 7 Genesis 41.14-38 (Joseph); 1 Samuel 17.48-51 (David); Esther 5.3-7.4 (Esther); Daniel 2.25-46 (Daniel); 3 Young Men 3.16-18 (Daniel); Daniel 6.10 (Daniel); Judith 8.7-27, 8.32-10.8 & 13.16. (Judith); Susannah 42-44 (Susannah); Bel & Dragon 38 & 39 (Daniel), John 1.14 (Jesus). Question Number 8 Genesis 39.21-23 (Joseph); 1 Samuel 17.46-47 (David); Esther, No Entry (Esther); Daniel, No Entry (Daniel); 3 Young Men 3.25-28(Daniel); Daniel 6.22 (Daniel); Judith, No Entry (Judith); Susannah 45-49 (Susannah); Bel & the Dragon 33-37 (Daniel); John 1.6-8 (Jesus). Question Number 9 Genesis 41.39-57 (Joseph); 1 Samuel 17.25 (David); Esther 8.1-2 (Esther); Daniel 2.48 (Daniel); 3 Young Men 3.30 (Daniel); Daniel 6.23 (Daniel); Judith 15.11 (Judith); Susannah 63 (Susannah); Bel & Dragon 40-41 (Daniel); John, No Entry (Jesus). Question Number 10 Genesis 45.1-46.7 (Joseph); 1 Samuel 17.53b (David); Esther 8.3-9.32 (Esther); Daniel 2.49 (Daniel); 3 Young Men, No Entry (Daniel); Daniel, No Entry (Daniel); Judith 15.11 (Judith); Susannah, No Entry (Susannah); Bel & the Dragon, No Entry (Daniel); John 1.12-13 (Jesus). Question Number 11 Genesis, No Entry (Joseph); 1 Samuel 17.52 (David); Esther 7.6-10 (Esther); Daniel, No Entry (Daniel); 3 Young Men 3.29 (Daniel); Daniel 6.24 (Daniel); Judith 15.3b-7 (Judith); Susannah 60-62 (Susannah); Bel & the Dragon 42 (Daniel); John, No Entry (Jesus). In the Jewish Greek texts, hence in R.C. editions, Susannah is the 13th.--and Bel and the Dragon, the 14th. chapter of Daniel. They do not occur in the Jewish or Protestant canons. Limit answers for questions 12-15 to protagonists in the preceding verses. 12. What hero of three narratives, important in a fourth, is also an exemplar of which of two other literatures that you have studied. (Two part question: who & which?) 13. Name another protagonist, patriarchal, who is such an exemplar. 14. Both heroes have a gift which most of us do not have--what? 15. Three protagonists are heroes, generically, not technically-- who are they? Though millennia old, the narratives still deal with people like ourselves. Themes such as sex, violence, envy, and political power are still foci for entertainment and news in popular media. The questions which follow depend on such aspects of heroic narratives. Some of the books and/or their contents provide answers to more than one question. 16. Which narrative has the Columbo, Sherlock Holmes, Monk, Hercule Poirot genre? 17. Which narrative uses JAG, the Practice, and Law & Order's Jack McCoy type talents? 18. Which narrative has sibling rivalry, a woman scorned, false arrest and imprisonment? 19. Which single individual, not group, is guilty of professional jealousy & anti-semitism? 20. Which narrative is concerned with genocide? 21. Which narrative mostly concerns sexual harassment? 22. What narrative depicts a group of people guilty of professional jealousy and religious intolerance? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7.04 Assignment Four:: LITERATURE OF THEOPHANY. The LITERATURE OF THEOPHANY, from Jewish Hebrew/Aramaic Scriptures, includes "Latter" & "Minor," not "Former," Prophets, and excludes all "Writings" but Psalms, Job & Chronicles. Fifteen books, within examination limits prescribed, record events in the Jewish Hebrew/Aramaic Scriptures--classifiable as theophanies. Torah: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. Former Prophets: Joshua, Judges, 1st & 2nd Samuel, 1st. & 2nd. Kings. Writings: Job, Psalms, 1st & 2nd. Chronicles et al. (This literature is organized following a Jewish grouping of scripture; other groupings occur later.) Unlike prior assignments, verses are not grouped for you. Rather, verses follow assigned versions' order of books--with upper-case letter appended. Note: these categories do not reflect consensus. A broad Theophany definition is used. Some authorities would exclude some items listed here. Others might lump categories, distinct here, into fewer types. You need not accept or agree with the categories, merely identify and characterize them. Questions one to thirteen require thirteen different answers to a single question: what do all verses, which share a single upper-case letter, have in common? Focus should be on the type of manifestation, not on the message of the communication. 1. A, 2. B, 3. C, 4. D, 5. E, 6. F, 7. G, 8. H, 9. I, 10. J, 11. K, 12. L, 13. M. Questions 14-22 generalize or lump various theophanies to explore generalities and tendencies. 14. Characterize theophanies' general tendency in the Torah/Pentateuch & Joshua 15. Characterize the general tendency of theophanies in the history pairs: Samuels, Kings and Chronicles. 16. Characterize the common factor in Genesis 32.30, 35.15; Exodus 24.9-11; Numbers 12.8; and Deuteronomy 34.10. 17. Characterize the common factor in verses Exodus 19.21, 33.18-23, 40.35; Judges 6.22; and 2nd. Chronicles 7.2 18. With questions 14 through 17 in mind, describe the overall tendency of change in theophanies from the earlier to the later books. (Note: "God said to ... ") 19. The Pentateuch/Torah has many selections stating "God spoke to Moses and Aaron." What reasons exist for wondering whether or how often God spoke to Aaron directly? 20. In Joshua, many verses have "the Lord said to Joshua." Why do some then deny any direct physical manifestations of God to Joshua? 21. Who is the first person mentioned as having prophetic power in the Pentateuch / Torah at the time of Moses besides Moses himself? 22. Who was the first person whom the Torah / Pentateuch records as replying to the Lord during a theophany? The following list of theophanies is divided into 15 sections, one for each book which contains the theophanies being studied. The entries include, first, the name of the person addressed; second, the chapters and verses of the book; and, third, the capital letter assigned to the particular kind of theophany. Adam Genesis 2.16 - 2.17 H " " 3. 8 - 3.24 " Cain " 4. 9 - 4.15 " Noah " 6.13 - 7. 4 " " " 8.15 - 8.19 " " & Sons " 9. 1 - 9.16 " " " 9.17 " Abram " 12. 1 - 12. 3 " " " 14 - 17 " " " 15. 1 - 15. 7 & 9 D " " 12 - 15 B " " 15.17 L " " 18 H Sarai " 16. 7 - 16.12 J " " 13 " Abram " 17. 1 - 17.16 H " " 19 22 " " " 18. 1 H " " 2 K " " 3 - 5a H " " 5b K " " 8b - 9a " " " 10a H " " 13 - 15b " " " 16 K " " 17 - 21 H " " 22a K " " 22b - 33 H " " 19. 1 J Lot " 2 - 22 " Abraham " 21.12 - 21.13 H Hagar " 17 - 18 J Abraham " 22. 1 - 22. 2 H " " 11 - 12 J " " 15 " " " 16 - 18 J Rebekkah " 25.22b - 3 F Isaac " 26. 2 - 26. 5 H Jacob " 28.12 - 28.15 A " " 31. 2 - 31. 5 H " " 11 - 12 A & J " " 13 A Laban " 24 & 29 " Jacob " 32. 1 K " " 32. 3 - 32.29 H " " 30 " " " 35. 1 " " " 35. 9 - 35.14 " " " 15 " Moses Exodus 3. 2 J & L " " 3. 4 - 3.10 I " " 12 - " " " 3.14 - 3.22 " " " 4. 2a " " " 4. 3a " " " 4. 4a - 4. 9 " " " 11 - 12 " " " 14 - 17 " " " 21 - 23 " " " 24 & 27 " " " 6. 1 - 6.18 " " " 10 - 11 " " " 13 " " " 26b " " " 28 - 29 " Moses " 7. 1 - 7. 5 I " " 8 - 9 " " " 14 - 19 " " " 8. 1 - 8. 5 " " " 16 " " " 20 - 23 " " " 9. 1 - 9. 5 " " " 8 - 9 " " " 13 - 19 " " " 22 " " " 10. 1 - 10. 2 " " " 12 " " " 11. 1 - 11. 2 " " " 12. 2 - 12.20 " " " 13. 1 " " " 14. 1 - 14. 4 " " " 15 18 " " " 19 J & L " " 26 H " " 15.25a " " " 16. 4 - 16. 5 " " " 11 - 12 " " " 28 - 29 " " " 17. 5 - 17. 6a " " " 17.14 " " " 19. 3 - 19. 6 " " " 9a " " " 10 - 13 " People " 16 - 18 M Moses " 19 L " " 20, 22, & 24 I " " 20. 1 - 20.17 " " " 20.22 - 24. 2 " Moses, Chief Priests, and Elders " 24. 9 - 24.11 " Moses " 24.12 " " " 24.16 - 24.18 L " " 25. 1 - 31.18 I " " 32. 7 - 32.10 " " " 14 " " " 33 - 34 " " " 33. 1 - 5 " People " 7b F " " 8 - 10 L Moses " 17 H " " 20 G " " 33.21 - 34. 3 " " " 34. 5 - 34. 7 L " " 10 - 27 " " " 40. 1 - 40.15 H People " 34 - 35 M " " 36 - 38 " Moses Leviticus 1. 2 - 8. 3 G People " 9.24 L Aaron " 10. 8 - 10.11 G Moses & Aaron " 11. 1 - 11.46 " Moses " 12. 1 - 12. 8 " Moses & Aaron " 13. 1 - 13.59 " Moses " 14. 1 - 14.54 " " & Aaron " 15. 1 - 15.32 " " " 16. 1 - 24.23 " " " 25. 1 - 27.34 H Moses Numbers 1. 1 - 1.16 G " & Aaron " 2. 1 - 2.33 " " " 3. 5 - 3.48 " " & Aaron " 4. 1 - 4.33 " " " 5. 1 - 5. 3 " " " 5 - 31 " " " 6. 1 - 6.27 " " " 7. 4 - 7. 5 " " " 11 " " " 7.89 - 8. 1 " " " 8.23 - 8.26 " " " 9. 1 - 9. 3 H " " 9 - 14 " People " 9.15 - 9.23 M Moses " 10. 1 - 10.11 H People " 12 " " " 33 34 " Moses " 11.16 11.20 G " " 23 " " Miriam & Aaron " 12. 4 H " " " " 12. 5 - 12.10 L " " 14 - 15 G " " 13. 1 - 13. 2 " People " 14. 9 M Moses " 11 G " " 20 - 25 " " & Aaron " 26 - 35 " " " 15. 1 - 15.31 " " " 35 " " " 37 - 41 " " & Aaron " 16.20 " " " 16.26 - 16.38 " People " 42 M Moses " 43 - 45 G " " 17. 1 - 17. 5 & 10 " Aaron " 18. 1 - 18.24 " Moses " 25 - 32 " " & Aaron " 19. 1 - 19.32 " " " 20. 6 - 20. 9 & 12 " " " 21. 8 " Balaam " 22.22 - 22.27 J & M " " 20 - 30 J & L " " 31 - 33 & 35 J " " 23. 4 - 23. 5 & 16 H Moses " 25. 4 " " " 10 - 13 " " & Eliezer " 26. 1 - 26. 2 G " " 52 - 56 " " " 27. 7 - 29.39 " " " 31. 1 - 31. 2 " " " 35 - 31 " " " 32.50 - 34.12 H " " 34.16 - 36. 4 " " Deute- ronomy 34.10 " Joshua Joshua 1. 1 - 1. 9 G " " 3. 7 - 3. 8 " " " 4. 1 - 4. 3 " " " 15 - 16 " " " 5. 2 & 9 " " " 13 - 15 K " " 6. 2 - 6. 5 G " " 7.10 - 7.15 " " " 8. 1 - 8. 2 " " " 8.18a " " " 11. 6 " " " 13. 1 - 13. 7 " " " 20. 1 - 20. 6 " People Judges 1. 1 - 1. 2 F Gideon " 6.11 - 6.12 J " " 6.14, 16, & 18b H " " 20a 21 J " " 23 H " " 25 - 26 " " " 7. 2 - 7. 3a " " " 4 - 5b " " " 7 " " " 9 - 11a " People " 10.11 - 14 F Manoah's " 13. 3 - 13. 5 Wife & 8 J " " 11b " " " 13 - 14 " " " 16 & 18 " " " 20 M Danites " 18. 5 - 18. 6 F People " 20.23b " " " 20.27 - 20. 8 " Samuel 1 Sa- muel 3. 4, 6a, & 8a G " " 10 - 14 " " & Phili- stines " 7. 9b & 7.10b M " " 8. 7 - 8. 9 G " " 22a " " " 9.15 - 9.17 " People " 10.17 - 10.19 D Samuel " 15.10 - 15.11 " " " 16. 1 " " " 16. 2b - 16. 3 G " " 16. 7, 8b, & 9b E " " 16. 2 " David " 23. 2 F " " 30. 7 - 30. 8 " " 2 Sa- muel 2. 1 " " " 5.19 " " -Nathan " 7. 4 - 7.17 D " " 12. 7 - 12.12 " " " 21. 1 G " " 22. 7 - 22.14 F & L " " 15 - 16 M " " 24. 1b F " -Gad " 24.11b - 24.13 D " " 16b - 17a J Solomon 1 Kings 3. 5 A " " 3.11 - 3.15 " " " 6.11 - 6.13 G " " 9. 2 - 9. 9 A Shemiah- " 12.22 - 12.24a D Rehoboam Man of God -Jeroboam " 13. 1 - 13. 3 E " " 4b - 5 M Old Prophet " -Man of God " 21 - 22 E Abija-Wife of Jeroboam " 14. 5 - 14. 6 " Jehu-Baasha " 16. 1 - 16. 4 " Elijah " 17. 2 - 17. 4 D " " 8 - 9 " " " 18. 1 " " " 18.38 M " " 19. 5a - 19. 7 J Ahab-Prophet " 20.13 - 20.14 E " -Man of God- " 20.20 " " -Prophet " 20.42 " Elijah " 21.17 - 21.19 D " -Ahab " 20 - 24 E " " 28 - 29 " Micah-Kings " 22.14 - 22.17 E " " 19 D " -Kings " 20 - 23 E Elijah 2 Kings 1. 3 - 1. 4 J Captain & 50 " 10 & 12 L Elisha " 2.11 " " -Men of City " 21 " " -Boys " 24 " " -Jehosaphat " 3.16 - 3.19 E " " " 20 M " -Wife of Prophet " 4. 2 - 4. 7 L " -Shunammite " 34 - 36 " " -Prophets " 41 - " " -Man of Baal Baalshalisha " 42 - 44 " " -Naaman " 5.10 - 5.14 " " -Son of Prophet " 6. 6 - " " -Servant " 17 " " -Syrians " 20 " " -King of Israel " 7. 1 D " -Hazael " 8. 8 - 8.13 E " -Jehu " 9. 1 - 9. 3 " " " " 6b - 10 " Jehu " 10.30 G Joash " 13. 4 - 13. 5 " Elisha-Jehoahaz " 16 - 19 E Assyrian People " 17.25 M Isaiah-Hezikiah " 19. 3 - 19. 7 E " " 28 F " " " 20 - 34 " Assyrians " 35 M Isaiah-Hezikiah " 20. 1 E " " " 20. 5 - 20. 6 " " " " 9 & 11 E & L " " " 16 - 18 E Prophets-Israel " 21.10 - 21.16 " Huldah-Josiah " 22.15 - 22.20 " David 1 Chro- nicles 15.10 G " " 15.14 - 15.15 Nathan " 17. 3 - 17.14 C David-Nathan " .15 E " -Gad " 21. 9 - 21.12 " " " 16 J Solomon 2 Chro- nicles 1. 6 F " " 1. 7 C " " 1.11 - 1.12 " " & People " 7. 1 - 7. 3 M " " 12 22 C Shemiah- Rehoboam " 11. 2 - 11. 4 D " " " 12. 5 - 12. 7 D & Asa-Azariah " 15. 1 - 15. 7 " " -Hanani " 16. 7 - 16. 9 E Micah-Ahab " 18.16 " " " " 18.18 - 18.22 " Jahaziel- Assembly " 20.15 - 20.17 " Elijah-Jehoram " 21.12 - 21.15 " Zechariah- Joash & People " 24.20 " Man of God- Amaziah " 25. 7 - 25. 8 " A Prophet- Israel " 28. 9 - 28.11 " Huldah-Josiah " 34.23 - 34.28 " Prophets-Judah " 36.15 - 36.16 " Job Job 38. 1 - 40. 1 I & " " 40. 6 - 41.34 " Friends of Job " 42. 7 - 42. 8 " David Psalms 18. 6 - 18.13 " " " 14 - 15 M " " 29. 3 - 29. 9 I " ? " 46. 6 & 46.10 " Asaph ? " 50. 1 - 50. 4 M " " 4 - 23 L David " 60. 6 - 60. 8 C " ? " 81. 6 - 81.16 " David/Nathan (Ps 89.3-4/ 2 Samuel 7.4) " 89.19 - 89.37 E/D ? (Numbers 14.13) " 95. 7 - 95.11 E David " 108. 7 - 108. 9 " " ? " 132.14 - 132.18 " ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7.05 Assignment Five MIRACLE/SIGN LITERATURE Questions 1-21 focus on what common factors verses marked with the same capital letter. (F is in two lists distinguished by subscripts.) Questions are not in alphabetical order, so be careful 1. P, 2. Q, 3. T, 4. I, 5. K, 6. R, 7. B, 8. C, 9. D, 10. J, 11. L, 12. A, 13. F2, 14. G, 15. H, 16. O, 17. S, 18. E, 19. F1, 20. M, 21. N. 22 This question asks you to figure out why the letters are out of order. i. Books listed with the same sign letter are in parallel. ii. Distant parallels are enclosed in parentheses. iii. Parallel situations which do not include a corresponding sign are enclosed in slashes. iv. Numbers following letters distinguish specific signs but do not concern your answers except F's subscripts. Exodus 14.21 - 14.26 A Exodus 15.24 - 15.25 B1 Exodus 16. 4 - 16. 5 & 16.14 - 16.36 C1 Exodus 16.13a and Numbers 11.31 - 11.34 C2 Exodus 17. 2 - 17. 7 and Numbers 20. 8 - 20.13 D1 Numbers 16.31 - 16.34 E Numbers 16.35 F1 Numbers 17. 8 G Joshua 3.11 - 4.24 A Joshua 10.12 - 10.14 H 1st. Kings 13. 1 - 13. 6 I1 1st. Kings 17.13 - 17.16 J1 & 2 1st. Kings 17.19 - 17.23 K 1st. Kings 18.38 F2 1st. Kings 18.44 - 18.45 L 2nd. Kings 1.10 - 1.12 F1 2nd. Kings 2. 8 & 2.14 A 2nd. Kings 2.19 - 2.22 B1 2nd. Kings 2.23 - 2.24 M 2nd. Kings 3.16 - 3.20 D2 2nd. Kings 4. 2 - 4. 7 J1 2nd. Kings 4.32 - 4.24 K 2nd. Kings 4.39 - 4.41 B2 2nd. Kings 4.42 - 4.44 J2 2nd. Kings 5.10 & 5.14 I2 2nd. Kings 5.23 - 5.27 N 2nd. Kings 6. 6 - 6. 7 O1 2nd. Kings 13.21 K 2nd. Kings 20.10 - 20.11 and Isaiah 38. 7 - 38. 8 H 2nd Chronicles 7. 1 F2 2nd Chronicles 26.18 - 26-23 N Daniel 3.14 - 3.28 P Daniel 6.16 - 6.23 Q Tobit 8.28 - 8. 3 R Tobit 11.12 - 11.17 I ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Matthew 8. 1 - 8.14, and Mark 1.40 - 1.44, and Luke 5.12 - 5.14. I2 Matthew 8. 5 - 8.13 I4 but parallels Luke 7. 1 - 7.10 and John 4.46b- 4.34 I6 Matthew 8.14 - 8.15 and Mark 1.29 - 1.31 and Luke 4.38 - 4.39 I5 Matthew 8.16a and Mark 1.32 - 1.33 & 34b and Luke 4.41 R Matthew 8.16b and Mark 1.34a and Luke 4.40 I6 Matthew 8.24 - 8.27 and Mark 4.37 - 4.41 and Luke 8.22 - 8.25 S Matthew 8.28 - 8.33 and Mark 5. 1 - 5.20 and Luke 8.26 - 8.39 R Matthew 9. 1 - 9. 8 and Mark 2. 1 - 2.12 and Luke 5.17 - 5.26 and John (5. 1 - 5. 9a) I4 Matthew 9.18 - 9.19 and 9.23 - 9.25 and Mark 5.22 - 5.24 and 9.35 - 9.42 and Luke 8.41 - 8.42 and 8.49 - 8.55 K Matthew 9.20 - 9.22 and Mark 5.25 - 5.34 and Luke 8.43 - 8.48 I7 Matthew 9.27 - 9.31 and Mark 10.46 - 10.52 and Luke 18.35 - 18.43 and John (20.29 - 20.34) I3 Matthew 9.32 - 9.34 and Mark /3.22/ and Luke 11.14 - 11.15 and John /7.20 & 10.20/ R & I8 Matthew (12.22 - 12.23) and John /8.48 & 8.52/ R, I3 & I8 Matthew 9.35 - 9.36 and Mark /6. 6b & 6.34/ and Luke /8. 1/ I6 Matthew /10. 1, 10. 7, 10.11 & 10.14/ and Mark 6. 6b & 6.34 and Luke /9. 1 - 9. 6/ R & I6 Matthew 12. 9 - 12.14 and Mark 3. 1 - 3. 6 and Luke 6. 6 - 6.11 I1 Matthew 14.13 - 14.21 and Mark 6.32 - 6.44 and Luke 9.10b- 9.17 and John 6. 1 - 6.15 J2 & J3 Matthew 14.25 - 14.31 and Mark 6.48 - 6.50 and John 6.19 - 6.20 O2 Matthew 14.32 and Luke 6.51 S Matthew 14.35 - 14.36 and Mark 6.54 - 6.56 I6 Matthew 15.21 - 15.28 and Mark 7.25 - 7.30 R Matthew 15.30 - 15.31 I10, I9, I3 & I8 Mark 7.31 - 7.37 I11 & I8 Matthew 15.32 - 15.38 and Mark 8. 1 - 8.10 J2 & J3 Matthew 17.14 - 17.19 and R Mark 9.17 - 9.27 and R, I8 & I11 Luke 9.37 - 9.43a R Matthew 21.14 I3 & I10 Mark 6. 5 I6 Mark 8.22 - 8.26 I3 Luke 5. 4 - 5. 9 and John (21. 5 - 21. 8 J3 Matthew 4.24 I6, R & I4 Mark 3. 7 - 3.13a I6 & R Luke 6.17 - 6.19 I6 & R Luke 7.11 - 7.15 K 21 I6, R & I3 13.10 - 13.13 I12 14. 2 - 14. 4 I13 17.11 - 17.19 I2 22.51 I14 John 2. 4 - 2.11 J4 9. 1 - 9. 7 I3 11. 3 - 11.44 K Acts 3. 2 - 3.10 I10 5.14 - 5.16 I6 9.36 - 9.41 K 14. 8 - 14.10 I10 16.16 - 16.18 R 20. 8 - 20.12 K 28. 3 - 28. 6 T 8 I5 9 I6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ROLES replace GENRES.. Assignments 6, 7 & 9 have four possible "Roles": JUDGE, KING, PRIEST & PROPHET. Assignment 8 has the four above plus HOUSEHOLDER & PATRIARCH. 7.06 Assignment 6: Who & what were Israel's JUDGES? (Almost all vv. are from Judges.) Othniel, abbreviated (O) after the judge list, mentioned in 3.7-3.11, receives the title in 3.10b, frees people in 3.9, and is called a war leader in 3.10b. Ehud, abbreviated (Ed) after the judge list, mentioned in 3.12-3.30, frees people in 3.15, and is called a war leader in 3.27 -30. Shamgar, abbreviated (Sr), mentioned in 3.31, frees people in 3.31b, and is called a war leader in 3.31a. Barak & Deborah, abbreviated (B) & (D) respectively, appear in 4.1-5.31, Deborah is titled judge in 4.4b, judges in 4.5, called a war leader in 4.10, received another title in 4.4a; Barak is called a war leader in 4.14 -16. Gideon, abbreviated (G), mentioned in 6.1- 8.32, frees people in 6.14 & 36, is called a war leader in 7.19 -25 and 8.10-12, and a sacrificer in 6.24-27 Abimelech, abbreviated (Ah), mentioned in 8.33-9.57, is called by another title in 9.6, 16 & 22. Tola, abbreviated (T), mentioned in 10.1-10.2, called a judge in 10.2, frees people in 10.1. Jair, abbreviated (Jr), mentioned in 10.3-10.5, is called a judge in 10.3. Jephthah, abbreviated (Jh), mentioned in 10.6-12.7, called a judge in 12.7, is called a war leader in 11.8, 21-22, 32-33 & 12.1-6. Ibzan, abbreviated (I), mentioned in 12.8-12.11, is called a judge in 12.8. Elon, abbreviated (En), mentioned in 12.11-12.12, is called a judge in 12.11. Abdon, abbreviated (An), mentioned in 12.13-12.15, is called a judge in 12.13. Samson, abbreviated (Sn), mentioned in 12.13-12.16, is called a judge in 16.31. The first three questions refer to the same individual. 1. What one judge seems to do any judging? 2. This judge belongs to what half of humanity that the rest do not? 3. By what role title other than judge is this judge called? The next two questions refer to the same individual. 4. What other judge is called another role title too? 5. What is his other title? (Hint: He asked men to give him this role.) The next three questions refer to the same individual. 6. A 3rd. judge performs what function normally associated with yet another title? 7. What role usually performs this function? 8. Who is this Judge? The remaining questions are only loosely linked 9. Who are the five of 13 or 14 not called judges? 10. Which six of the 13 or 14 judges do we know nothing about? 11. Comparing v. 9.6 with 1 Samuel 8.5 & 19; 10.19; 12.1 & 12, if people did not know about v. 9.6, what might they assume about Saul's kingship? 12. Verses 1st. Samuel 7.6 and 8.1-2 add what to the judge inventory? 13. In 1st. Samuel 2.18 & 35, 16.5; 9.9 & 19, Samuel fuses what three roles 14. & 15. What evidence is for & what evidence is against Barak being a judge? 16. Samson was named a judge, so why do some question his title? 17. Which judge is recorded as able to summon at least 10+ Jewish tribes? 18. Which judge was a concubine's son? 19. Which judge was a prostitute's son? 20. Which judge had a penchant for women from Israel's enemy? 21. Tell why vv. 3 & 13 cause analysts problems in chapter 17? 22. What tribe was nearly destroyed out of Israel in Judges? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7.07 Assignment Seven: Who & what were Israel & Judah's KINGS? Clearly, kings were expected to be war leaders like judges, but--unlike judges--the role is more formalized, e.g., their burden upon their subjects is well defined in 1st. Samuel 8.10-20. Questions 1-3 & 19-22 should be answered from the kings' list below. Questions 4-18 will have their own sets of assigned verses. The 12 books abbreviated below are: Judges, 1st & 2nd Samuels, 1st & 2nd. Kings, 1st. & 2nd. Chronicles, Micah, Hosea, Isaiah, Jeremiah and Esther. Abimelech, E Jdgs. 9 Saul, U 1Sam. 9; 12.13-21; 2Sam. 1, 21.1-9. I/Eshbaal/Ishbosheth, I 2Sam. 2.8-12; 3.7-15; 4; 1Chr. 8.33; 9.39. David, J > U 1Sam. 16-31; 2Sam. 1-25; 1Kgs. 1-11; 1Chr. 2, 3, 10-29. End of Solomon, U 2Sam. 12.24, 25; 1Kgs. 1-11; United 1Chr. 22-23.1; 28-29; 2Chr. 1-9. Kingdom - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Jeroboam I., I 1Kgs. 11-26-40; 12-14.20; 2Chr. 10-11; 12.15; 13.3-20. Rehoboam, J 1Kgs. 12.20-24; 14.21-31; 2Chr.11-12. Nadab, I 1Kgs. 14.20; 15.25-35. Abijah/Abijam, J 1Kgs. 15.1-8; 2Chr. 13. Asa, J 1Kgs. 15.9-15; 2Chr. 14-16. Baasha, I 1Kgs. 15.27-16.7. Elah, I 1Kgs. 16.5-14. Zimri, I 1Kgs. 16.9-20. Omri, I 1Kgs. 16.15-28; 20.34; Mica 6.16. Ahab, I 1Kgs. 16.29-22.40; 2Chr. 18. Jehoshaphat, J 1Kgs. 22.2-33; 41-50; 2Chr. 14-16. Ahaziah, J 1Kgs. 22.51; 2Kgs. 1.18. Joram, I 2Kgs. 1.17; 2; 6; 9. Jehoram, J 2Kgs. 8.16-24; 2Chr. 21. Ahaziah, J 2Kgs. 8.25-29; 2Chr. 22.1-9. Jehu, I 2Kgs. 9-10.36; Hosea 1.4. Jehoash, J 2Kgs. 11; 12; 2Chr. 22.10-24.27. Jehoahaz, I 2Kgs. 13.1-9. Jehoash/Joash, J 2Kgs. 13.10-25. Amazaiah, J 2Kgs. 14.1-21; 2Chr. 25. Jeroboam II, I 2Kgs. 14.22-29; Amos 1 & 7. Uzziah/Azariah, J 2Kgs. 15.1-7; 2Chr. 26; Isah. 6. Zachariah, I 2Kgs. 14.29; 15.8-12. Shallum, I 2Kgs. 15.13-15. Menahem, I 2Kgs. 15.16-22. Pekahiah, I 2Kgs. 15.23-26. Pekah, I 2Kgs. 15.25, 27-32. End of King- Hoshea, I 2Kgs. 15.30; 17. dom of Israel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Jotham, J 2Kgs. 15.32-38; 2Chr. 27. Ahaz/Jehoahaz I, J 2Kgs. 16; 2Chr. 28; Isa. 7-12. Hezekiah, J 2Kgs. 18-20; 2Chr. 29-31; Isa. 26-39. Manasseh, J 2Kgs. 21.1-9; 2Chr. 33.1-9. Amon, J 2Kgs. 21.18-26; 2Chr. 33.21-25. Josiah, J 2Kgs. 22-23.30; 2Chr. 34; 35. Jehoahaz II/Shallum, J 2Kgs. 23.30-34; 2Chr. 36; Jer. 27.10-12 Jehoiakim/Eliakim, J 2Kgs. 23.35-24.7; 2Chr. 36.5-8; Jer. 22.18-21; 25-27; 36. Jehoiachin/ 2Kgs. 24.8-16; 2Chr. 36.9 & 10; Coniah/Jeconiah, Jer. 22.24-30; Esth. 2.6. Zedekiah/Mattaniah J 2Kgs. 24.17-25; Jer. 52 E indicates Ephraim (But Jdgs. 9.22 says U.); U indicates United Kingdom; I indicates Israel; J indicates Judah. 1. Although Judges 9.6, 16, 22 states that Abimelech was king over Israel, why do almost all authorities doubt that he was king/prince/ ruler over all of Israel? 2. Who became king/ruler over Israel when Saul died? (Read carefully & thoroughly.) 3. What woman ruled as queen in Israel or Judah (with no king on the throne) while she was neither chief wife, concubine, mother, nor grandmother of a living king? 4. Read Exodus 19.5-6; Deuteronomy 33.1-5; Judges 8.23; 1 Samuel 8.7; 12.17-19; and Isaiah 33.2 to find out who is the true king of Israel (and Judah.) 5. From the above & following vv., determine God's attitude toward a king for Israel (and/or Judah?) Genesis 17.16; Numbers 24.17; Deuteronomy 17.14-18; & 1 Samuel 12.13-15. Questions 6 - 9 ask what 4 items associate with Kingship? the item?" Associated vv. answer them. 6. Genesis 49.10a; Numbers 24.17; and Psalm 45.6b. 7. 2 Samuel 1.10 & 2 Kings 11.2. 8. 1 Kings 2.19; 10.18-20; & Ps. 45.6a. 9. 1 Samuel 8.11; and 2 Samuel 15.1. Questions 10 - 16 ask who are the 7 officials of a king's court. Associated vv. answer them. 10. 2 Samuel 15.18; 20.23c; and 2 Kings 11.4. 11. 1 Samuel 8.12; 14.50b; 2 Samuel 8.16a; 20.23; and 1 Kings 4.4; 16.9 & 16b. 12. 2 Samuel 8.16b; 20.24d; 1 Kings 4.3b; & 2 Kings 18.18c & 37c. 13. 2.Samuel 8.17b; 20.25a; 1 Kings 4.3a; & 2 Kings 18.18b 37b. 14. 1 Kings 4.6a; 18.3; and 2 Kings 18.18a & 37a. 15. 2 Samuel 20.24c; and 1 Kings 4.6b; & 5.13-14. 16. 2 Samuel 15.37 & 16.16; and 1 Kings 4.5b. KINGs perform functions of other roles. Earlier, war leader was noted, a JUDGE function. In 1 Samuel 10.6 & 9-13, Saul acts as a PROPHET. Verse sets with questions 17 & 18 Identify such roles. 17. 1 Samuel 14.31-35; 2 Samuel 6.12-19; 15.12*; 24.25; 1 Kings 1.9*; 3.15; 8.5 & 54-64; 2 Kings 16.12-13; and 1 Chronicles 21.28-30. (* marks kings' sons.) 18. 2 Samuel 14.4-11; 15.2-6; and 1 Kings 3.16-27; 7.7. The last 4 questions' answers are in the King's list. 19 & 20 concern David; 21 & 22: Solomon. 19. How did David earn a living after fleeing Saul & before becoming Judah's King ? 20. What did Absalom, David's son, and Sheba, son of Bichri, have in common? 21. What danger would Solomon face if Adonijah & Joab had lived? 22. Who is responsible for Jeroboam rebelling against Solomon's House? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7.08 Assignment Eight: Who & what were Israel & Judah's PRIESTS (Please reread the note that occurs before assignment six.)* 1. What is the apparent contradiction between Deuteronomy 18.1-8 (particularly vs. 3) with Numbers 16.1-18.32 (particularly 16.10, 18.1-3, 7 & 29.) 2. The following vv. describe what major priestly vestment? Exodus 28.30; Leviticus 8.7-8; Numbers 27.21; Deuteronomy 33.8; Judges 10.17-18 & 17.5; 1 Samuel 14.3, 22.18, 23.6 & 9, 28.6, 30.7; Isaiah 24.15; Ezra 2.63 & Nehemiah 7.65. 3. From the same set of verses, what other use has this vestment besides clothing? 4. Determine who the Most High 'eljo-n= is from the following vv: Genesis 14.18-20; Exodus 23.23-24; Joshua 15.63; and 2 Samuel 5.6-9. (Do not assume an obvious answer.) 5. Read Exodus 2.15-22 & 18.1-12 (especially 18.10 and 11) and Numbers 10.29-32. How does Jethro view j h w h "the LORD" whom he terms God? 6. Read Judges 17.7-18.31 (especially compare 17.3, 17.13, 18.20 and 18.31.) What unusual item did the Levite use in the worship of jhwh "the LORD. From the vv. with questions 7-9, identify original roles of those who perform priestly functions. 7. Genesis 22.13, 26.25 & 33.20 8. Judges 6.25 & 11.31 9. 2Sam. 6.12-14, 1 Kgs. 3.15 Questions 10, 11 and 12 ask you to identify specific concerns from the associated verses. 10. Leviticus 10.1-5; Isaiah 28.7-22; Hosea 4.8-9; Amos 2.7-8& 3.4; & Micah 3.5 & 3.11. 11. Leviticus 4.3 & 5. 12. Leviticus 21 & 22. 13. From Numbers chapters 3 & 4, find why there is no priest list like the king & prophet list? Questions 14, 15, and 16 ask you to identify priestly duties from the respective associated verses? 14. Leviticus 9.22 & Numbers 6.22-27. 15. Leviticus 16.5-34 & 23.10-44. 16. Numbers 16.6-7 & 35; 2 Chronicles 26.18 & Psalms 141.2. 17. Determine the practice from vv. in Exodus 28.40, 29.9, 39.28; and Leviticus 8.13 & 21.10. For questions 18-22, match the word with the question to the correct test answer. (Use only text, not Bible Dictionaries; most references only speculate on these terms.) 18. Ephod: Exd. 25.7; 28.4, 6, 12, 15, 26, 27,28, 31;29.5; 35.9, 27; 39.2, 4, 7, 8, 18-22. 19. Breastplate/Piece: Exd. 25.7; 28.4, 15, 22-24, 26, 28, 30; 29.5; 35.9, 27; 39.8, 9, 15, 16, 17, 19, 21. 20. Urim & Thummim: Exd. 28.30; Lev. 8.8; Num. 27.21; Deut. 33.8. 21. Azazel: Lev. 16.8, 10, 26 22. High Place: 1Sam. 9.12-14, 19, 25; 10.5, 13; 1 Kgs. 3.4; 11.7; 2 Kgs. 23.15; 1 Chr. 16.39; 21.29; 2 Chr. 1.3, 13; Isa 16.12; Jer. 7.31 and 48.35; Ezek. 20.29. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7.09 Assignment Nine: Who & what were Israel and Judah's PROPHETS? ABRAHAM: Genesis 20.7 AARON: Exodus 7.1 MIRIAM: Exodus 15.20 (1) ELDERS: Numbers 11.25 (2) ELDAD & MEDAD: Numbers 11.26-9 MOSES: Deuteronomy 18.15-18 DEBORAH: Judges 4.4 (1) GIDEON: Judges 6.7-8 SAMUEL: 1 Samuel 3.20, 9.9; 2 Chronicles 35.18 SAUL: 1 Samuel 10.6, 10-12 & 19.23-24 (2) MESSINGERS OF SAUL: 1 Samuel 19.20-21 (2) NATHAN: 2 Samuel 12.25; 1 Kings 1.8, 10, 22-23, 32, 34, & 44; 1 Chronicles 17.1; 29.29; 2 Chronicles 9.29, Psalm 51 (Title) PROPHETIC SCHOOL: 1 Samuel 10.5, 10; 1 Kings 18.4; 22.6, 10, 12-13, 22-23; 2 Kings 2.3, 5, 7, 15; 4.1, 38; 5.22; 6.1; 9.1; 21.10; 23.2; 1 Chronicles 25.1-3; & 2 Chronicles 18.5, 9, 11-12, 21-22 AHIJAH: 1 Kings 11.29; 14.2 & 18; 2 Chronicles 9.29. JEHU: 1 Kings 16.7 & 12 OLD PROPHET: 1 Kings 13.11, 20, 25-26, 29 A PROPHET: 1 Kings 20.13 & 22 ELIJAH: 1 Kings 18.22, 36; 2 Chronicles 21.12; Malachi 4.5/3.23 ELISHA: 1 Kings 19.16; 2 Kings 3.11; 5.3, 8, 13; 6.12; & 9.1 YOUNG PROPHET: 2 Kings 9.4 A SON OF THE PROPHETS: 1 Kings 20.35, 38 & 41 MICAH: 1 Kings 22.7-8, 2 Chronicles 18.6-7; Jeremiah 26.18 A PROPHET: 2 Chronicles 25.15-16 HULDAH: 2 Kings 22.14 & 2 Chronicles 34.22 (1) PROPHET OF SAMARIAH: 2 Kings 23.18 ISAIAH: 2 Kings 19.2; 20.1, 11, 14; 2 Chronicles 26.22; 32.20, 32 ODDED: 2 Chronicles 15.8 JONAH: 2 Kings 2 14.25 and 39.3 SHEMIAH: 2 Chronicles 12.5, 15; Jeremiah 29.31 IDDO: 2 Chronicles 13.22; Zechariah 1.1,7 NODIAH: Nehemiah 6.14 (1) URIAH: Jeremiah 26.20-23 ZECHARIAH & HAGGAI: Ezra 5.1, 6.14; HAGGAI only: Haggai 1.1, 3, 12; 2.1 & 10 AMOS: Amos 7.14-15 HANANIAH Jeremiah 28.10, 12, 15, 17 JEREMIAH: 2 Chr. 36.12; Jer. 1.5; 19.14; 20.1; 25.2-3, 26.12, 28.5, 11-12, 15; 29.1, 29; 32.2-3; 34.6; 36.26; 37.2-3, 13; 38.9-10, 14; 42.2, 4; 43.6; 45.1; 46.1 & 13; 47.1; 49.34; 50.1; 51.59; Dan. 9.2 HABAKKUK: Habbakuk 1.1 & 3.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Note (1) vv. share what? 2. Note (2) vv. share what? 3. The following verses make what identification? 1 Samuel 9.9-19; 2 Samuel 24.11; 1 Chronicles 21.9; and 2 Chronicles 9.29 (Compare Zechariah 1.1 & 7) 4. The following verses make what identification? 2 Kings 17.13; 1 Chronicles 29.29; 2 Chronicles 12.15 & 29.25; and Isaiah 29.10 & 30.10 5. Compare vv with questions 3 & 4 what problem occurs for the analyst? 6 Isaiah 6.1; Micah 1.1; Habbakuk; 1.1 & Zechariah 2.1. reflect what conditions? 7. What information does Deuteronomy 18.21-22 provide? (Questions 8-12 must be answered from the list.) 8. How do PROPHETIC SCHOOL vv. distinguish "typical" prophets from the sons of/the company of/the kings' prophets? 9. What could make professional prophets less reliable than charismatic prophets? 10. What difference exists between Elisha and Elijah relative to the school of prophets? 11. Gad and Nathan are sometimes called "chaplains"--why? 12. Which prophet was murdered in cold blood? (Questions 13-15 all ask what is the specific problem which the associated verses address?) 13. Amos 7.14 14. Exodus 6.30 & Jeremiah 1.6 15. 1 Kings 19.10 & 14 16. See vv. from questions 13, 14 & 15, to explain why Amos, Elijah, Jeremiah, Moses and Zechariah are called reluctant prophets. From Biblical references on the Jewish Tradition, identify the following prophets? 17. Former 18. Latter 19. Greater 20. Lesser/Minor 21. Daniel & Lamentations, Christian prophetic books, are in what division of the Jewish Bible/TaNaKh? 22. Eight Jewish prophetic books are 21 Christian books; explain. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROPHECY, in common use, predicts the future. Believers insist that God must inspire a prediction--to distinguish it from fortune telling. The narrower and more technically restricted terms, STRICT PROPHETIC, APOCALYPTIC & ESCHATOLOGICAL Literature are used in this section. STRICT PROPHECY In good times, warning of future bad times, if people don't repent. APOCALYPTIC LIT. In bad times, promising future good times, if people repent. ESCHATOLOGICAL LIT. Often found with APOCALYPTIC LITERATURE--End Times, Final Judgments, Diaspora Returns, Peaceable Kingdom, Evil ended. 7.10 Assignment 10 What is PROPHETIC, APOCALYPTIC & ESCHATOLOGICAL LITERATURE ? Abbreviated below are Daniel, 2nd. Esdras, Ezekiel, Habbakuk, Hosea, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Malachi, Micah, Nahum, Obidiah, Zechariah, Zephanaiah & Revelations. Amos & Joel are unabbreviated. Questions 1-5 are the same: "What characterizes the verses with the question?" 1. Isa. 1.2-9; 56.9-12; Jer. 2.1-37; 5.1-31; 7.23-30; 8.1-12; 10.13-17; Ezk. 4.1-5.17; 20.1-32; 22.1-23.21; Hos. 6.7-11.7; Mic. 6.1-7.7; Hab. 2.6-20; 2Es. 1.1-30. 2. Isa. 1.10-15; 58.1-14; Jer. 6.20-21; 7.21-22; 9.2-6; 18.21-23; Hos. 6.4-6; Amos 5.21-24; Mal. 1.6-2.9; 2Es. 1.31. 3. Isa. 2.6-11; 57.1-13; Jer. 10.1-16; Ezek. 6.1-14; 8.1-18. 4. Isa. 1.21-22; 5.8-23; and Jer. 6.13-19. 5. Isa. 1.16-20; 50.4-11; 56.1-8; 59.1-21; Jer. 3.1-4.4; 7.1-20; 13.15-17; 27.1-28.7; Ezk. 18.1-9; Hos. 5.15-6.3; 14.1-9; Joel 2.5-2.27; Amos 5.4-7 & 14-15; Zech. 1.1-6; 2Es. 2.15-32; 14.28-35. Questions 6 - 22 ask you to identify common characteristics of the associated verses. 6. Isa. 1.24-31; 48.1-22 7. Isa. 2.12-4.1; 5.1-7 and 24-30; 7.10-8.10; 9.8-10.4; 28.1-35.10; Jer. 4.5-31; 6.1-12; 8.13-17; 9.7-25; 13.20-27; 15.5-9; 21.1-24.10; Ezk. 9.1-11; 11.1-13; 12.1-15.8; 16.1-52;18.10-18; 20.33-21.32; 23.22-24.27; 33.23-34.10; Hos. 1.2-9; 2.2-13; 4.1-5.14; 12.1-13.16; Joel 1.1-2.11; Amos 2.4-5.3; 5.16--20; 5.27-7.7; 7.17-9.10; Obd. 1-16; Mic. 1-3.12;Hab. 2.6-20; Zph. 1.2-2.3;33.1-7; Zch. 10.1-15; Rev. 6.1-17;8.1-9.21; 14.8-15.1; 2Es.1.32-2.9; 2.10-14; 7.19-25; and 15.5-50. 8. Jer. 6.22-23 & 25.1-4. 9. Isa. 10.5-19 & 10.28b-34; 13.1-23.37.22-29; 47.1-15; Jer 25.15-38; 46.1-51.64; Ezk. 25.1-26.21; 28.1-10 & 20-23; 29.1-32.32; 35.1-15; Amos 1.1-2.3; Hab. 2.4-15. 10. Jer. 8.18-9.1; 10.17-25; 11.18-12.6, 12.7-13; 14.1-15.4; 15.10-21; 17.12-18; 18.18-23; 20.7-18; Ezk. 19.1-14; 28.11-19. 11. Isa. 40.12-31; 42.8-13; 44.6-8; 44.24-45.13; 46.1-3;50.1-3; 51.1-16; Amos 5.8-9; Nah. 1.1-11. 12. Isa. 4.2-6; 9.2-7; 27.12-13; 42.5-17; 43.14-44.5; 44.21-23; 49.1-26; 51.17-52.17; 57.14-21; 60.1-62.12; 66.5-24; Jer. 30.1-31.40; Ezk. 16.53-63; 28.24-26; 34.11-16 & 25-31; 36.1-37.28; 40.1-48.35; Hos. 2.14-3.5; 11.8-12; Joel 2.28-3.18; Amos 9.11-15; Obd. 1.17-20; Mic. 4.1-5.15; 7.8-20; Nah. 1.12-2.2; Zph. 3.8-20; Zch. 6.9-15; 8.1-19; 9.9-17; 10.6-12. 13. Isa. 2.2-5; 11.1-16; 2Es. 7.26-44; 10.25-59; 12.31-34. 14. Isa. 10.20-27; 27.6-13; Hos. 1.10-11. 15. Isa. 26.20-27.1; 40.1-11; 41-42.4; 2Es 5.1-13 & 8.63-9.13. 16. Ezk. 38.1-39.29; Dan. 10.1-12.13; Zch, 1.7-6.5; 9.1-8; 12.1-20; Rev. 12.1-13.8; 16.1-20.10; 2Es. 11.1-12.30. 17. Dan. 7.1-8.27; Joel 3.19-21; Nah. 2.2-3.19. 18. Isa. 44.14-25; Jer. 16.19-20; Zph. 1.2-6, 2Es. 1.4-7. 19. Ezk. 18.25-31; 33.7-20. 20. Isa. 27.2-11; 42.18-43.7; 63.1-6; 65.1-66.4; Ezk. 7.1-27; 11.14-21; 34.17-24; Mal. 3.1-3.24/4.5; 2Es. 7.45-7.70/140; 15.51-77. 21. Isa. 24.1-6, 24.16b; Rev. 20.11-15; 2Es. 13.1-38. 22. Ezk. 17.22-24; 2Es. 2.42-48; Rev. 4.1-5.14; 14.1-7; 15.2-8. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7.11 Assignment 11: Where & what were the SHRINES & TEMPLES of Judah & Israel? Abbreviated below are 1st. & 2nd. Chronicles, Ezekiel, Genesis, Haggai, Hosea, Jeremiah, Joshua, Judges, 1st. & 2nd. Kings, 1st. & 2nd. Maccabees, Psalms, & 1st. Samuel. 1. What do we learn of Shilo's early function from the following vv.? Jsh. 18.1 & 8-10; 19.51; 21.1-2; 21.19, 22.9 & 12. 2. What other functions do the following verses show? Jgs. 18.31*; 1Sm. 1.3, 9* & 24*; 2.13-14 & 18-19; 3.21; 4.3-4 & 12; 14.3; 1Kg. 2.27*; 14.2 & 4; Jer. 41.5*. 3. What content in the asterisked verses accompanying question two surprises people? 4. From Ps. 78.56-60; Jer. 7.12 & 14; 26.6 & 9--identify what happened to Shiloh. 5. From 1Sm. 21.1 & 6; 22.9-11 & 19--identify what is important about Nob. 6. From Gen. 12.8; 13.3; 28.17-22; 31.11-13; 35.1, 3, 6-8 & 14-16--identify what special people, established Bethel as a center of worship. 7. From Jsh. 7.2; 8.9, 12 & 17; 12.9 & 16; and Jgs. 1.22-24--identify Bethel-site problems. 8. From Jsh. 16.1-2; 18.13 & 22; Jgs. 4.5; 21.2; 1Sm. 7.15-16; 30.26-77; 2Kg. 2.2-3; and 1Ch. 7.28--identify what happened later. 9. From Jgs. 20.18 & 26; and 1Sm. 10.3--identify Bethel's probable short-term status. 10. From 1Kg. 12.28-13.11; 13.32; 2Kg. 10.29; 17.28; 23.4, 15, 17 & 19; Jer. 48. 13; Amos 3.14; 4.4; 5.5-6; 7.10 & 13--what is suggested about Bethel? 11. From Gen. 12.6; 33.18-20; 35.4; & Jsh. 24.32--identify what special people made Shechem a center of worship. 12. From Jsh. 24.1 & 25--identify what other short-term status Schechem held. 13. From Jgs. 21.19; 1Ch. 6.67/52; 7.28; Ps. 60.6/8 & 108.7; 41.4-5; and Hos. 6.9--identify who possessed Schechem in that period. 14. From Jgs. 8.31; 9.1-7, 18, 20, 23-28, 31, 34, 39, 41, 46, 47, 49, 57; 1Kg. 12.1 & 25; and 2Ch. 10.1--Shechem, an important secular center, serves what political function? Questions 15-22 ask the same question: "What do the associated vv. report?" 15. 1Ch. 16.1 & 4; 17.1-12; 18.5-13; 22.6-17; 23.2-25.9 16. 1Kg. 5.1-9.25; 2Ch. 2.1-7.22; Ezk. 40-46 (Idealized, but some sizes may be accurate.) 17. 1Kg. 8.1-9.9 & 2Ch. 5.1-7.22 18. 1Kg. 10.4 & 2Ch. 9.3 19. 1Kg. 14.25-27; 2Kg. 16.17-18; 24.10-16; 25.13-17. 20. 2Mc. 2.4-8 21. Ezra 1.1-6.22; Hagg. 1.1-2.3; 2.1-9. 22. 1Mc. 1.20-24; 4.36-59. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7.12 Assignment 12: CODES and COVENANTS Books used are 2nd. Chronicles, Deuteronomy, Exodus, Genesis, Hosea, Isaiah, Jeremiah, 1st. & 2nd. Kings, Leviticus, Nehemiah, Psalms, 1st. & 2nd. Samuel, and Sirach. A. Gen. 21.27; 31.44; 1Sm. 18.1-4; 1Kg. 5.12; and Amos 1.9. B. Gen. 17.4-14. C. Gen. 15.17-21; & Pss. 74.18-23, 105.7-11 & 111. D. 2Sm. 7.1-29; 2Ch. 21.7; Isa. .55.1-15; & Jer. 5-9.33.14-26 E. 2Kg. 11.17 and 23.1-3 F. Isa. 59.20-21; Jer. 11. 1-17; and Hos. 8.1-3. G. Neh. 9.38-10.39; Isa. 44. 8-13; and Jer. 31.31-37. H. Genesis 9.1-17. I. Exd. 20.2-17; Deu. 5.6-21. (Also see appendix on Hours.) J. Exd. 19.16-24.18, cf. Sir. 17.11-13. K. Exd. 34.10-28; cf. 22.29-30; & 23.12, 15 & 19. L. Lev. 17-26. M. Deu. 4.13-14 & Deu. 12-26. (Chapters) N. Deu. 27.1-34.12 O. Deu. 27.1-26. 1. How do vv. under A. differ from those in all other sections? 2. How are vv. under B & C related? 3. How do they differ respectively? 4. What do D & E verses share? 5. How do they differ? 6. Characterize vv. under F. 7. Characterize vv. under G. 8. How do vv. under H differ from vv. under B to G. Vv. from the Biblical code, the 10 Commandments, with 12 actual segments, answer questions 9-11. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - T H E T E N C O M M A N D E N T S (Exo 34.27 & Deu 4.13) [cf. Youngblood, Ronald. "Counting the Ten Commandments." _Bible Review_. X.6 (Dec. 1994): 30-35. Exodus 20.2 and Deuteronmony 5.6 The entire Jewish 1st. commandment The 1st of two vv. of the Protestant & Eastern Orthodox 1st. commandment The 1st of 5 vv. of the Roman Catholic & Lutheran 1st. commandment Exodus 20.3 and Deuteronomy 5.7 The 1st of 4 vv. of the Jewish 2nd. commandment The 2nd and last verse of the Protestant & Eastern Orthodox 1st. commandment The 2nd of 5 vv. of the Roman Catholic & Lutheran 1st. commandment Exodus 20.4-6 and Deuteronomy 5.8-10 The 2nd through 4th & last verse of the Jewish 2nd. commandment The entire Protestant & Eastern Orthodox 2nd. commandment The 3rd through 5th & last vv. of the Roman Catholic & Lutheran 1st. commandment Exodus 20.7 and Deuteronomy 5.11 The entire Jewish, Protestant and Eastern Orthodox 3rd. commandment The entire Roman Catholic and Lutheran 2nd. commandment Exodus 20.8-11 and Deuteronomy 5.12-15 The entire Jewish, Protestant and Eastern Orthodox 4th. commandment The entire Roman Catholic and Lutheran 3rd. commandment Exodus 20.12 and Deuteronomy 5.16 The entire Jewish, Protestant and Eastern Orthodox 5th. commandment The entire Roman Catholic and Lutheran 4th. commandment Exodus 20.13 and Deuteronomy 5.17 The entire Jewish, Protestant and Eastern Orthodox 6th. commandment The entire Roman Catholic and Lutheran 5th. commandment Exodus 20.14 and Deuteronomy 5.18 The entire Jewish, Protestant and Eastern Orthodox 7th. commandment The entire Roman Catholic and Lutheran 6th. commandment Exodus 20.15 and Deuteronomy 5.19 The entire Jewish, Protestant and Eastern Orthodox 8th. commandment The entire Roman Catholic and Lutheran 7th. commandment Exodus 20.16 and Deuteronomy 5.20 The entire Jewish, Protestant and Eastern Orthodox 9th. commandment The entire Roman Catholic and Lutheran 8th. commandment Exodus 20.17a and Deuteronomy 5.21b Part of the Jewish, Protestant and Eastern Orthodox 10th. commandment The entire Roman Catholic and Lutheran 9th. commandment Exodus 20.17b and Deuteronomy 5.21a The rest of the Jewish, Protestant and Eastern Orthodox 10th. commandment The entire Roman Catholic and Lutheran 10th. commandment - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9. Why are there three different ways of numbering the commandments instead of just one? 10. How do the last 2 sentences of the Exodus & Deuteronomy lists differ? [The question is about organization, not content or vocabulary.] 11. What is unusual about contrasting Exd. 20.8-11 and Deu. 5.12-15? Questions 12-19 return to the verse groups on the page before the commandment page. 12. J's vv. are called the Covenant Code or Book of the Covenant., also known by a geographic referent: the Code of **** or the ****-tic Code. What is the geographic feature? 13. K's vv. , the Ritual Decalogue, partly overlap J. This J "highlights" serves what purpose? 14, 15, 16. L 's vv. are the Holiness Code. Identify the 3 meanings of Holy which occur. 17. M's vv. are called the Deuteronomic Code. How does it relate to Codes under I, J, K, & L? 18. N's vv. are known as the "Code/Covenant of ****" which name is a geographical region not mentioned in the vv.; find where the Code is given from atlases and other Biblical aids. 19. What is special about the vv. under O, a subset of N? Adam, Noah, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob & Moses often represent others in a covenant. Who are represented? 20. Adam and Noah represent whom? 21. Abraham, Jacob, Isaac and Moses represent whom? 22. Using reference works, find the other name for "Holiness" Code? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7.13 Assignment 13: LYRIC LITERATURE Many selections here suggest genres other than songs, e.g., blessings, prayers, oracles etc. However, anthems, canticles, graduals, hymns, introits, offertories, orisons, prefaces, processionals, recessionals etc. are songs which serve other functions. Some hymns, e.g., are originally Biblical prose adapted for musical settings. Anglican plain chant, Gregorian chant, Russian choral chant etc. put any prose texts into musical format. There is no consensus that all selections to follow are songs, yet each one must have song-like or lyric qualities; otherwise, no scholar would have claimed it as a "song." As such judgments are very subjective, some authorities use the term Lyric Literature to embrace both songs & song-like or lyric prose for such material. Dual classifications exist. Wisdom Psalms are Wisdom in content, Lyric in form. Some canticles in Luke are Infancy-Narrative in content but Lyric in form. Other literature can also have dual classification. Job's dialogues could have triple classification: in content, Wisdom , in organization, Dramatic; but, in form, Poetic. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - LYRIC LITERATURE Parallels: Questions 1-3. Song of Jacob, Genesis 49 compared with Blessing of Moses, Deuteronomy 33. Gen. 49. 3-4 with Deut. 33. 6 Gen. 49. 5-7 with Deut. 33.11 Gen. 49. 8-121 with Deut. 33. 7 Gen. 49. 13 with Deut. 33.18a Gen. 49. 14-15 with Deut. 33.18b-19 Gen. 49. 16-17 with Deut. 33.22 Gen. 49. 18 with Deut. 33.26 Gen. 49. 19 with Deut. 33.20-21 Gen. 49. 20 with Deut. 33.24-25 Gen. 49. 21 with Deut. 33.23 Gen. 49. 27 with Deut. 33.12 1 See also Psalm 78.67-8, Genesis 49.10a, & Deuteronomy 33.13-17 (1), especially 33.16b. 1. What tribe is missing in the Blessing of Moses in the Hebrew text? 2. Note vv. followed by 1, Which of the two selections is earlier? 3. Note vv. followed by 1, Why is it earlier? [A textual, not traditional, answer is needed here?] Questions 4 & 5. Verses in Exodus 15 compared with verses from various books. Exodus 15. 1b with Exodus 15.21b,2 Exodus 15. 2a with Psalm 118.14, Exodus 15. 2b with Daniel 2.23, Exodus 15. 3 with Psalm 24. 8, Exodus 15. 4-5 with Psalm 106.10-11, Exodus 15. 6-10 with Psalm 77.16-20, Exodus 15.11-13 with Psalm 86.8, 10 & 13. 4. Note vv. followed by 2, how does this parallel differ from the remaining part of the parallel? 5. What argues for Exodus 15.1b-13 being a song even if verse 1a had not told? Questions 6 & 7. Popular song lines often repeat; the two related NON-PARALLEL sets below contain vv. to answer questions 6 & 7. Numbers 6.25, Numbers 6.26, Psalm 31.16, Psalm 4. 6b, Psalm 67. 1, Psalm 44. 3b, Psalms 80.3, 7 & 19. Psalm 89.15b. 6. What kind of prayers are they both? 7. Musically, identify the use of the line in Psalms 80.3, 7 & 19? Numbers, chapters 23 & 24 contain poetic oracles to answer questions 8, 9 & 10. Numbers 23. 7b-10, 23.18b-24, 24. 2b- 9, 24.15b-24. 8. How does Israel differ from nations in the 1st oracle? 9. How does Israel differ from nations in the 2nd oracle? 10. In content, what genres are oracles 3 & 4? 11. Deuteronomy 32.1-43, The Song of Moses, has prophetic content in vv. 1-33. What content have vv. 34-43? 12. 2 Samuel 1.17-27. What is missing from David's Lament/Elegy/Eulogy? 13. 2 Samuel 23.1-7. What does David's Last Song celebrate? 14. Job 14.1-21.2. Several vv. suggest what view, unshared by conservative Christians & Orthodox Jews? 15. Job 28.1-20.: What literature, in content, is this poetry? Question 16. Compare Ps. 14. 1- 7 with Ps. 53. 1 - 6, Compare Ps. 18. 2-50 with 2Sm. 22. 2b-51, Compare Ps. 40.13-17 with Ps. 70. 1 - 5, Compare Ps. 57. 7-11 with Ps. 108. 1 - 5, Compare Ps. 60- 5-12 with Ps. 108. 6 -13, Compare Ps. 95. 1 with Ps. 100. 1 - 2, Compare Ps. 95. 2 with Ps. 100. 4, Compare Ps. 95. 6- 7 with Ps. 100. 3, Compare Ps. 96. 1-13 with 1Ch. 16.23 -33 Compare Ps. 105. 1-15 with 1Ch. 16. 8 -22 16. Why? 17. Ecclesiastes 3.1-10. In the mid-sixties, a group--the Byrds--based a folk song on these vv. The title had "Turn, Turn" in it. Of what do these words remind us? (Use verses 2.25 & 3.10-11 to help you interpret.) 18. 2.10b-13, 1.12-14, 5.2-6, 7.1-9. Song of Song vv. in chapter 2 are often cited, so I include them, but the question concerns the other verses. Why might some rabbis at Jabneh/ Jamnia not have accepted "The Lord and his people" allegory? 19. Isa. 12.2-6, 55.6-11. If you had not known that the two portions were from Isaiah, from what book might you have identified them, both in content and form? 20. Prayer of Manasseh. If you had to name the literature to which this belongs--in content, not form, what would be than name? 21. 1Sm. 2. 1a-10, Luke 1.68 -79, 1.46-55,Gen. 16.12, Luke 1.76 -79, 2.29-32, 3.4b-6 & 18-19 are not PROPHETIC LITERATURE in the technical use of the term except possibly Gen. 16.12. They are LYRIC LITERATURE in form. What are they in content? 22. How can vv. Rev. 4.11, 5. 9b-10, 12b & 13b. be a song if they are so divided? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7.14 Assignment 14: FIRST FRUITS,HUMAN SACRIFICES and HOLY WAR. Gen. 22.1-13 (first-born son of his wife); Exd. 12.11-13 & 29 (3); 13.13b-15; 22.29b-30; 23.16 & 19; 34.19-20; Lev. 23.10-11; 27: 26-29; Num. 15.20-21; 18.12-17; Deu. 14.23; 15.19-21 (1); 18.4 (2); 21.15-17 (4); 26.1-4 & 10; Pro. 3.9-10; Neh. 10.35-37. 1. What 3 kinds of 1st. fruit offerings, required by God, are most frequently mentioned. 2. (1) What two reasons prevent first fruits from being offered? 3. (2) What two kinds of first fruits are to be ransomed? 4. What happens to the first fruits which are not ransomed? 5. From what then do many authorities conclude that human first fruits are ransomed? (Compare Gen. 22.1-13 and Lev. 27.28-29) 6. (3) However, our attention is drawn away from this possibility, and a different association with first fruits is made--what is it? 7. (4) How are human first fruits exalted? 8. The first born among humans which the verses discuss are not necessarily the actual first born technically. Which first-born humans are not taken into consideration? 9. Regarding human first fruits, the Israelites' Canaanite neighbors are more consistent, in a way not permitted to Jews--how? (The information is not explicit in the vv. provided; you will have to deduce the answer. Hint: review question five.) 10. How do we know that the Egyptians did not follow the Caananite custom of offering first fruits? (Hint: review question six.) 11. For this question, quickly review Samuel, Samson & John the Baptist in the Infancy narratives. How are they a compromise between being "devoted to" and "ransomed from" God? 12. Jesus/Jeshua, Mary's/Miriam's "first-born" son's death has allusions from studying 1st. fruits--both too many to address here & too delicate, due to diverse faith understandings, to treat directly in a constitutionally non-sectarian public forum. Metaphorically, then, the "sacrifice" & "draining of blood" from the spear wound allude to pagan Canaanite practice, how? How do they compromise between being "devoted to" & "ransomed from" God? 13. Read Lev. 18.21 and 2Kgs. 3.27 & 16.3. Who normally burned children as sacrifices? 14. Read Exd. 13.2 and 22.29-30. What do these verses hint at? 15. Read Gen. 22.1-19. Why might Abraham not have complained of God's order? (Do not consider faith or obedience.) 16. Read Deu. 18.9-14 (particularly 10) & Isa. 57.5 to determine God's law about child sacrifice? 17. Read Exd. 13.13-15 & 34.20 and Num. 18.15, and determine what compromise God provides between Canaanite "typical practice" and his "new" law. 18. Considering the answers to questions 15-17, the changing focus shows what development? 19. Read Jdg. 11.29-40; 1Kg. 16.34; 2Kg. 16.3, 17.17, 21.6, 23.10; Jer 7.31, 15.5, 32.35; and Mic. 6.7. What sad fact do these record? 20. Why are vv. in Jsh. 6.21 and 1Sm. 15.18 & 33 associated with offerings/ sacrifices? 21. How do vv. in Jsh. 7.10-26 (mainly 15); Jdg. 8.18-21; & 2Sm. 21.1-9 associate with offerings/sacrifices? 22. How else might these deaths be understood? Human sacrifice requires some knowledge of sacrificial offerings. Before the exam., find such offerings defined in Bible references, make notes, then match to exam choices. (Questions 23-31) 23. Holocaust 'oola- / kaali-l 24. Communion Sacrifice zebah- / sh:laami-m= 25. Sacrifice of praise / thanksgiving toodha- 26. Freewill / Voluntary Offering n:dhaaba- 27. Votive Offering neder 28. Sin / Guilt Offering h-at-t-aa"th / "aashaam 29. Gift / Oblation minh-a- 30. Showbread / Bread of Presence leh-em= happaani- m =/ hamma'a:reketh 31. Incense/Perfume Offering q:t-ooreth Characterize the vv. in 32. Exd. 15.3;Num. 10.35; Isa. 59.17; and Eph. 6.10-17. 33. 2Sm. 22.29-43 34. Num.33. 50-53 and Deu. 2.31-3.22. 35. Pss. 18; 20.6-9; 68.1-3 & 28-31; 98.1-3; 118.5-14; 124; 144.1-4; Mic. 4.11-13; & 1Mc. 3.42-53. 36. Deu. 9.1-5 and Ps. 44.1-8. 37. Exd.23.27-33 & Deu. 11.25. 38. Deu. 32.8. 39. Deu. 20.16-18 & 25.17-19; Jsh. 6.17-19 & 11.8-15; & 1Sm.15.1-3. 40. Deu. 13.12-18. 41. Deu. 20.1-15. 42. Deu. 21.10-14. 43. Deu. 24.5 44. Deu. 23.10-14. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8.00: APPENDICES. 8.01: Archangels in Scripture. 8.02: Verses to Monastery to Industrial Revolution. 8.03: Transliteration Equivalents Used in this Syllabus. 8.04: Biblical Reference Works. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ APPENDIX 8.01: Archangels in Scripture The Seven Archangels, Spirits of the Presence\Before the Throne of God from _Ethiopian Enoch_. This book is uncanonical outside Ethiopian Coptic Christianity (All seven Archangels are listed in Enoch's chapter 20 which vv. are bracketed by carets below.) Canonicity of other works in which archangels are cited. The Jewish Hebrew/Aramaic scripture, Daniel, is canonical for Jews and Christians. The Jewish Greek scripture, Tobit, is canonical for Roman Catholics and for Eastern Orthodox Christians The Jewish Greek scripture 2/4 Esdras (only surviving texts in Latin), is canonical for some, not all, Eastern Orthodox Christians. The Christian Greek scriptures, Luke, is canonical for all Christians. The Christian Greek scriptures, Jude & Revelations, are canonical for all Christians except for those in the Syrian Orthodox Church. List of Names and Particulars of each of the seven Archangels 1. Gabriel: "Strong Man of God." Cited in Ethiopian Enoch in the following vv: 9.1, 10.9, >20.7<, 50.9, 54.6, and 71.8,9 & 13. Cited in Daniel 8.16, & 9.21 as well as in Luke 1.19 & 1.26. Greek & Hebrew tranliterations: Gabri!e:l & gabhri-"eel Greek & Hebrew transcriptions: Γ α β ρ ι ή λ & גַבְרִאֵל 2. Jeremiel / Remiel: "God loosens (the womb)" Cited in Ethiopian Enoch in v. >20.8< and in 2nd/4th Esdras 4.36. Greek & Hebrew transliterations: Iereme!e:l & j:reeh-m:"eel Greek & Hebrew transcriptions: Ι ε ρ ε μ ε ή λ & יְרֵחְמְאֵיל 3. Michael: "Who is like God?" Cited in Ethiopian Enoch vv. 9.1, 10.10, >20.5<, 24.6, 50.9, 54.6, 60.4 & 5, 69. 14 & 15, and 79.3, 8, 9 & 13. Cited in Daniel 10.13 & 21 and 12.1 as well as in Jude 9 and Rev. 12.7. Greek & Hebrew transliterations: M(e)ikha!e:l & mi-khaa"eel Greek & Hebrew transcriptions: Μ (ε)ι χ α ή λ & מִּיכָאֵיל 4. Raguel / Reuel: "Companion of God." Cited in Ethiopian Enoch in vv. >20.4< and 23.4. Greek & Hebrew transliterations: Ragou!e:l & r:u-"eel Greek & Hebrew transcriptions: Ρ α γ ο υ ή λ & רְעוּאֵל 5. Raphael: "Healing of God." Cited in Ethiopian Enoch in vv. 9.1, 10.4, >20.3<, 22.3 & 6, 50.9, 54.6, and 71. 8, 9 & 13. Cited in Tobit 3.17, 7.8, 8.2, 9.1, 11,7 & 12.15. Greek & Hebrew transliterations: Rapha!e:l & r:phaa"eel Greek & Hebrew transcriptions: Ρ α φ α ή λ & רְףָאֵיל 6. Sariel / Saraqael: "Command / Light of God." Cited in Ethiopian Enoch in v. >20.5<. (Great variation in Greek equivalents make it impossible for me to choose one form as representative.) The Hebrew transliteration: z:haari-"eel The Hebrew transcription: זְהָרִיאֵיל 7. Suriel / Uriel "Flame of / My light is God" Cited in Ethiopian Enoch vv. 9.1, 10.1, 19.1, >20.2<, 33.3, 72.1, 74.2, 75.3 & 4, 78.10 and 80.1. Cited also in 2nd/4th Esdras in vv 4.1 & 5.20. Greek & Hebrew transliterations: Ouri!e:l & "u-ri-"eel Greek & Hebrew transcriptions: Ο υ ρ ι ή λ & אוּרִיאֵל Seven Angels of the Presence are cited in Tobit v. 12.15 and in Rev. 1.4 and 4.5. Many of the angel names listed here have alternate spellings in various source texts as well as alternate names in texts with comparable contexts and content. I have chosen repre- sentative forms recognizable by a variety of authorities and traditions. Prepared for Biblical & Classical Literature, ENG 130, and for Literature of the Bible, ENG 330 by Melvin J. Hoffman Last Update 12/20/2006 APPENDICES. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ APPENDIX 8.02: Verses to Monastery to Industrial Revolution. FROM BIBLE VERSES, TO MONASTIC PRAYERS, TO MATINS-RINGING PENDULUM CLOCKS, TO SPRING- DRIVEN CLOCKS, TO CHRONOMETERS, TO PRE-RADIO INTERNATIONAL SEA AND AIR NAVAGATION. Benedictine Office MATINS General Time Night/Midnight Approximate Mean Times 12 - 3 AM Notes on Approximate Mean Times b, d Roman Hours Cockcrow, 3rd. Watch Biblical vv. Relevant to Prayer Time Ps. 119.62, Acts 16.25 (MATINS not long said at midnight but soon forwarded to join with LAUDS as one of 7 daily offices [See Ps. 119]) Benedictine Office LAUDS General Time Early Morning/Predawn Approximate Mean Times 3 - 6 AM Notes on Approximate Mean Times None Roman Hours Morning/4th Watch Biblical vv. Relevant to Prayer Time Ex. 14.24; 1 Sam 1.11; Mt 14.25; Mk. 1.35 & 6.47-8 Benedictine Office PRIME General Time Sunrise Approximate Mean Times 6 - 9 AM Notes on Approximate Mean Times a, c, e Roman Hours First Hour Biblical vv. Relevant to Prayer Time Isa 59.18 (Not always clear when translated: "East.") Benedictine Office TERCE General Time Midmorning Approximate Mean Times 9 AM - 12 PM Notes on Approximate Mean Times e Roman Hours Third Hour Biblical vv. Relevant to Prayer Time Mk.15.25*, Acts 2.15 Benedictine Office SEXT General Time Noon Approximate Mean Times 12 - 3 PM Notes on Approximate Mean Times a, e Roman Hours Sixth Hour Biblical vv. Relevant to Prayer Time Mt. 27.45*; Mk. 15.33*; Lk. 23.44; Jn, 19.14*; Acts 10.9 Benedictine Office NONE General Time Afternoon Approximate Mean Times 3 - 6 PM Notes on Approximate Mean Times e Roman Hours Ninth Hour Biblical vv. Relevant to Prayer Time Acts 3.1, 10.2-3 & 10.30. Benedictine Office VESPERS General Time Sunset/Evening Approximate Mean Times 6 - 9 PM Notes on Approximate Mean Times a, b, c, e Roman Hours Evening/1st Watch Biblical vv. Relevant to Prayer Time Deu. 16.5; 1 kgs. 18.36; Ps. 141.2 Benedictine Office: COMPLINE General Time Early Night Approximate Mean Times 9 PM - 12 AM Notes on Approximate Mean Times b, d Roman Hours Midnight/Middle/2nd. Watch Biblical vv. Relevant to Prayer Time Jdg. 7.19 An asterisk on a verse marks a passion reference. Notes a: Deu. 29.38-42, ps. 55.17-18; b: Ps. 63.6-7; c: Ps. 114.3, Mk. 13.35; d: Lk. 12.36; e: Jn. 11.9 Appendix for ENG 130, Biblical & Classical Literature; and ENG 330, Literature of the Bible Sources: Daniel J. Boorstin, _The Discoverers_, (New York: Random House, 1983): 36-41. James Burke, _Connections_, (Boston: Little, Brown and Co, 1978): 128-35. David S. Landes, _Revolution in Time: Clocks and the Making of the Modern World_, (2nd. Ed. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2000): 53-62 and 438-440, nn. 18, 24 and 25. Melvin J. Hoffman ENG Dept. Prepared: 2/17/87/. Revised: 6/ 1/88, 2/ 8/94, 1/16/91, 1/12/94, 1/12/95, 5/21/97, 11/28/2005, 3/16/2007 APPENDICES. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ APPENDIX 8.03: 8.03: Transliteration Equivalents Used in this Syllabus. For Students who may Know Greek and/or Hebrew, this Is the Syllabus' Use of Hebrew & Greek Transliteration (not Transcription) System for ENG 130, Biblical & Classical Literature and ENG 330, Literature of the Bible. (Only ASCII Characters; No Enhancements or Embedded Codes.) Alpha is represented as A or a Beta is represented as B or b Gamma is represented as G or g Delta is represented as D or d Epsilon is represented as E or e Zeta is represented as Z or z Eta is represented as E: or e: Theta is represented as Th or th Iota is represented as I or i Kappa is represented as K or k Lambda is represented as L or l Mu is represented as M or m Nu is represented as N or n Xi is represented as Ks or ks Omicron is represented as O or o Pi is represented as P or p Rho is represented as R or r Sigma is represented as S , s or c Tau is represented as T or t Upsilon is represented as U or u Phi is represented as Ph or ph Chi is represented as kh or kh Psi is represented as Ps or ps Omega is represented as O: or o: Iota Subscripts Alpha Iota Subscript is represented as a= Omega Iota Subscript is represented as o= and Eta Iota Subscript is represented as e=. Accents (Prevowel) Acute is represented as ! Circumflex: is represented as " Grave is represented as ' Breathings: Smooth is represented as unmarked; Rough is represented as marked h or H, but with "r" is transliterated after it. Raised Stop: is represented as - Full Stop: is represented as . Interrogative: is represented as ; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - In all cases, "aalep= is represented as " Normally, be-th is represented as bh but with daageesh lene as b Normally, gi-mel is represented as gh but with daageesh lene as g Normally, daleth is represented as dh but with daageesh lene as d Normally, hee is represented as h but with mappi-q as h= Non-vocalic vaav is represented as v In all cases, zajin is represented as z In all cases, h-e-th is represented as h- In all cases, t-e-th is represented as t- Non-vocalic jo-dh is represented as j Normally, kap= is represented as kh but with daageesh lene as k or when final as k= In all cases, laamedh is represented as l Normally, me-m= is represented as m but when final as m= Normally, nu-n= is represented as n but when final as n= In all cases, saamek= is represented as s In all cases, 'aji-n= is represented as ' Normally, pee is represented as ph but with daageesh lene as p or when final as p= Normally, z-aadhe- is represented as z- but when final as z= In all cases, qop= is represented as q In all cases, re-sh is represented as r In all cases, s-i-n= is represented as s- In all cases, shi-n= is represented as sh Normally, taav is represented as th but with daageesh lene as t sh:wa- (vocal) is represented as : s:gho-l is represented as e and h-aat-eep= s:gho-l is represented as e: pathah- is represented as a and h-aat-eep= pathah- is represented as a: qaamez= h-aat-u-p= is represented as o and h-aat-eep= qaamez= is represented as o: h-i-req (short) is represented as i and h-i-req (long) is represented as i- z-eere- is represented as ee and z-eere- (with jo-dh) is represented as e- qaamez= raah-aabh is represented as aa and qaamez= (with hee) is represented as a- h-oolem= is represented as oo and h-oolem= (with vaav) is represented as o- qibbu-z= is represented as u and shu-req is represented as u- Capitalized Vowel(s) Mark Stress on Words of 3 or more Syllables or on 2-Syllable mil'e-l words, if any Marking Is Needed APPENDICES. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ APPENDIX 8.04: Biblical Reference Works. BIBLIOGRAPHY. (The Core of this Bibliography was Prepared by and is Reproduced with the Gracious Permission of Dr. David Lampe. Some Deletions and Additions Made Serve this Course's Specific Needs. The Format, Altered from Dr. Lampe's, Conforms to Use Elsewhere in this Syllabus.) BIBLE DICTIONARIES Achtemeir, P.J. ed. _Harper's Bible Dictionary._ NY: Harper Row, 1985--Ref. BS/440/H237. Alexander, Pat. ed. _Eerdman's Concise Bible Encyclopedia._ Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdman's Publishing Co., 1980--BS/417/E342. Buttrick, G.A. ed. _The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible._ NY: Abingdon Press, 1962--BS/440/I63. Davis, John D. _Davis' Dictionary of the Bible._ Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1961--BS/440/D3. Gehman, H.S. ed. _New Westminster Dictionary of the Bible._ PA: Westminster, 1970-BS/440/G4. Hastings, J. ed. _Dictionary of the Bible._ Rev. F.C. Grant H.H. Rowley. NY: Scribner's, 1963--BS/440/H4. Smith, William Jr. _The New Smith's Bible Dictionary._ Rev. by R.G. Lemmons with V. Gideon, R.F. Gribble, J.W. Roberts. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1966--BS/440/S67 Unger, M.F. _Unger's Bible Dictionary._ 3rd. Ed. Chicago: Moody Press, 1966-- BS/440/V5. Wigoder, Geoffrey. Gen. ed. _Illustrated Dictionary & Concordance of the Bible._ eds. Old Testament, Shalom M. Paul; New Testament, Benedict T. Viviano; Biblical Archaeology, Ephraim Stern. NY: MacMillan, 1986--BS/440/I36. COMMENTARIES _Anchor Bible._ 59 Volumes Planned. NY: Doubleday, 1964--BS/192.2/A1 Brown, R.R. ed. _Jerome Biblical Commentary._ Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1968--BS/491.2/B7. Buttrick, G.A. ed. _The Interpreter's Bible: A Commentary in 12 Volumes._ Nashville, TN: Abingdon, 1951-57--Ref. BS/491.2/I55. Clarke, W.K.L. ed. _Concise Bible Commentary._ NY: MacMillan, 1953--BS/491/C625. Dancy, J.C; Fuerst, W.J.; and Hammer, R.J. eds. _The Shorter Books of the Apocrypha_ N.E.B. Cambridge U. Press, 1972--BS/I695/D3. Davies, G.H.; Richardson, A; Wallis, C.L. eds. _The Twentieth Century Bible Commentary._ Rev. ed. NY: Harper,1955-BS/491/T4 Eiselen, F.C. ed. _Abingdon Bible Commentary._ NY: Abingdon, 1929--BS/491/E5. Guthrie, D.; Motyer, J.A.; Davidson, F. eds. _The New Bible Commentary. R.S.V._ Rev. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1970--BS/491.2/G8. Hertz, J.H. ed. _The Pentateuch & Haftorahs: Hebrew Text, English Translation & Commentary._ 2nd. ed. Soncino Press, 1981--BS/I225/H47. Lace, O.J. ed. _Understanding the New Testament._ Cambridge U. Press, 1965-- BS/2530/L32. Mays, J.L. ed. _Harper's Bible Commentary._ NY: Harper Row, 1988--Ref. BS/491.2/H37. SOURCES de Vaux, Roland. _Ancient Israel: its Life Institutions._ NY: McGraw-Hill, 1961-- BS/112/V313. Pritchard, John B. _The Ancient Near East: An Anthology of Texts and Pictures._ 2 Volumes. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Press, 1958--BS/1180/P82. Thomas, D.W. ed. _Documents from Old Testament Times._ NY: Harper, 1961--BS/1180/S66. CONCORDANCES Cruden, Alexander. ed. _Complete Concordance._ Chicago: Winston, 1930--BS/425/C85. Joy, Charles R. _A Concordance of Bible Readings._ Cleveland: World Publishing Co., 1965--BS/432/J618. Metzger, B.M. ed. _A Concordance to the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books of the R.S.V._ Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans/London: Collins, 1983--BS/1700/C66. _Nelson's Complete Concordance._ Nashville, TN: Nelson, 1957--BS/425/E4. _Oxford Cyclopedic Concordance._ London: Oxford Press, 1947--BS/425/O9. Strong, James. ed. _Exhaustive Concordance._ K.J. NY: Abingdon-Cokebury P., 1953 --BS/425/S8. Young, Robert ed. _Analytical Concordance to the Bible._ Nashville, TN: T Nelson, 1980--BS/425/Y7. ENCYCLOPEDIAS/DICTIONARIES OF RELIGION. Addis, W.E. Arnold, Thomas eds. _A Catholic Dictionary._ St. Louis: B. Herder, 1960--BX/841/A3. Angeles, P.A. ed. _Dictionary of Christian Theology._ San Francisco: Harper Row, 1985--BR/95/A54. Cross, F.L. Livingstone, E.A. _The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church._ 2nd. ed. London/NY: Oxford U. Press, 1974--BR/95/O8. Elwell, W.A. ed. _Evangelical Dictionary of Theology._ Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1984--BR/95/E87. _Encyclopedia Judaica._ NY: McMillan, 1972--DS/102.8/E496. Erickson, Millard J. _Concise Dictionary of Christian Theology._ Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1986--BR/95/E75. Gouker, Loice. Compiler. _Dictionary of Church Terms and Symbols._ Ed. by C.F. Weidmann. Norwalk, CT: C.R. Gison Co., 1964--BR/95/N38. Komonchak, J.A., Collins, Mary Dermot, A.L. _The New Dictionary of Theology._ Wilmington, DE: Michael Glazier, 1987--BR/95/N38. Malloch, James M. Compiler. _A Practical Church Dictionary._ Ed. by Kay Smallzreid, NY: Morehouse-Barlow, 1964 BR/95/M37. _New Catholic Encyclopedia._ Prepared by ed. staff of Catholic U. of America. NY: McGraw-Hill/Washington DC: Publishers' Guild, 1967--BX/841/N44. Retief, Andre. ed. _The Catholic Spirit._ Trans. from French by Aldheim Dean. NY: Hawthorn Books, 1963--BX/1751.2/R453. Singer, Isidore Adler, Cyrus. eds. _The Jewish Encyclopedia._ NY: Publishing House, (n.d.)--DS/102.8/J65. Werblowski, R.J. Zwi Wigoder, Geoffrey. eds. _The Encyclopedia of the Jewish Religion._ NY: Holt, Rinehart Winston, 1966--BM/50/W45. CYBERSOURCES Bible History Links Page. 2001. Bible History on Line. http://www.bible-history.com Easton Bible Reference. Public Domain. M.G. Easton M.A. D.D., _Illustrated Bible Dictionary._ 3rd. Ed. 1897. Thomas Nelson. http://www.studylight.org/dic/ebd/ Jewish Bible Reference. Navigating the Bible. 2000 World ORT. http://bible.ort.org/books/glosd1.asp _New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia._ 2000. Kevin Knight. http://newadvent.org/cathen/ WEB BIBLE ENCYCLOPEDIA. 2000-2007 Eden Communications. http://www.christiananswers.net/dictionary/home.html APPENDICES. Homepage Syllabi